Volume 43 Issue 4
Jul.  2026
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Li Jianshen, Huang Qiushi, Yan Songbing, et al.Preparation and performance evaluation of a high performance salt resistant emulsion drag reducer for shale oil formation fracturing[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid，2026, 43（4）：569-576 doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.04.016
Citation: Li Jianshen, Huang Qiushi, Yan Songbing, et al.Preparation and performance evaluation of a high performance salt resistant emulsion drag reducer for shale oil formation fracturing[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid，2026, 43（4）：569-576 doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.04.016
shu

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a High Performance Salt Resistant Emulsion Drag Reducer for Shale Oil Formation Fracturing

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.04.016
  • 1.

    CNPC USA Corporation, Beijing 100028

  • 2.

    CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing 102206

  • 3.

    CNPC Xinjiang Oil Field Company, Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Technology, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000

  • Received Date: 2026-01-13
  • Accepted Date: 2026-03-15
  • Rev Recd Date: 2026-03-09
  • Publish Date: 2026-07-30
    Abstract
  • Conventional fracturing fluids for shale fracturing are formulated with high-salinity flow-back waters, and the conventional polyacrylamide (PAM) emulsion drag reducer cannot meet the requirements of field operations because of its poor salt tolerance. To address this problem, a high-performance salt-resistant emulsion drag reducer was developed using hydrophobic functional monomer P-400, which has block structure, and copolymer monomers such as acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) through inverse emulsion polymerization. The solid content, oil/water ratio, concentrations of the monomer P-400 and the polymerization monomers AM and AMPS were optimized to obtain the desired product. The experimental results show that a salt-resistant emulsion drag reducer with the optimal performance can be obtained under these conditions: solid content = 35%, oil/water ratio = 3:7, P-400 concentration = 0.1%, AM concentration = 58.8% and AMPS concentration = 15%. A fresh water containing 0.05% (wt) of the synthesized drag reducer can reduce the friction of the water by 78%. 10% NaCl solution and standard brine treated with 0.05% (wt) of the drag reducer have their friction reduced by 72% and 70%, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed at the microscopic scale the synergistic effect of introducing block functional monomers on the drag-reduction and salt-resistance performances, and the mechanism thereof. Moreover, rheological test results show that the drag reducer is a typical pseudo-plastic fluid, having excellent viscoelasticity and shear resistance. This high-performance salt-resistant emulsion drag reducer has the potential of application in shale oil and gas production.

     

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