Volume 43 Issue 2
Apr.  2026
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ZHANG Zhen, YIN Da, QIN Guochuan, et al.Evaluation of sulfide removing rate by basic zinc carbonate in oil based drilling fluids and analyses of sulfide removing mechanisms[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid，2026, 43（2）：202-208 doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.02.008
Citation: ZHANG Zhen, YIN Da, QIN Guochuan, et al.Evaluation of sulfide removing rate by basic zinc carbonate in oil based drilling fluids and analyses of sulfide removing mechanisms[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid，2026, 43（2）：202-208 doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.02.008
shu

Evaluation of Sulfide Removing Rate by Basic Zinc Carbonate in Oil Based Drilling Fluids and Analyses of Sulfide Removing Mechanisms

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.02.008
  • 1.

    R & D Center for Ultra Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, CNPC, Korla, Xinjiang 841000

  • 2.

    Engineering Research Center for Ultra-deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Korla, Xinjiang 841000

  • 3.

    Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultra-deep Oil and Gas, Korla, Xinjiang 841000

  • 4.

    Petrochina Tarim Oilfield company, Korla, Xinjiang 841000

  • 5.

    Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500

  • Received Date: 2025-10-28
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-12-05
  • Publish Date: 2026-04-08
    Abstract
  • Basic zinc carbonate is a commonly used sulfide scavenger for drilling high-sulfide content formations with water-based drilling fluids, its ability to remove sulfide and the mechanism of sulfide removal in oil-based drilling fluids are still not well understood. In evaluating the rate if hydrogen sulfide removal, conventional methods use relatively low concentration and flow rate of hydrogen sulfide, the results of these methods are not suitable for high temperature application, and the reaction time in these methods is too short. To overcome these deficiencies of the old evaluation methods, a new experimental platform for evaluating the rate of sulfide scavenging of deep-well drilling fluids has been constructed. Using this platform, the rates of sulfide scavenging of basic zinc carbonate in oil, water, water-in-oil emulsion and oil-based drilling fluid were tested; the test results were used to analyze the existence forms of hydrogen sulfide in water-in-oil emulsions, the sulfide scavenging mechanisms of basic zinc carbonate in neutral and weakly-alkaline aqueous phases were clarified, and the sulfide scavenging mechanism of basic zinc carbonate in oil-based drilling fluids was then revealed. The test results show that the rate of sulfide scavenging of basic zinc carbonate in oil-based drilling fluids can be as high as 100%; most of the hydrogen sulfide (>90%) invading into an oil-based drilling fluid exists as undissociated hydrogen sulfide molecules in the oil phase of the oil-based drilling fluid, and only a small fraction (<10%) of the invading hydrogen sulfide dissolves into the aqueous phase to form ions dominated by HS−. In the aqueous phase of an oil-based drilling fluid, the Zn2+ ions ionized from basic zinc carbonate react directly with the primary ionization product HS− of hydrogen sulfide to form ZnS precipitate, and a high pH of the aqueous phase is not a necessary condition for sulfide scavenging; the reaction-diffusion coupling effect is the primary mechanism of sulfide scavenging by basic zinc carbonate in oil-based drilling fluids, and temperature increase is helpful to enhance the rate of sulfide scavenging. The revealed working mechanism of basic zinc carbonate in oil-based drilling fluids provides a scientific basis for using this chemical as a sulfide scavenger in oil-based drilling fluids.

     

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