A New High-temperature Tackifier for Solid-free Drilling Fluids
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摘要: 辽河油区奥陶系潜山油层中部温度高达200℃，地层压力系数仅为1.01～1.06，属于典型的高温低压油气藏。为安全优质钻进与高效保护油气层，亟需自主研发适用于无固相水基钻井液的抗高温增黏剂。通过分子结构优化，以N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮（NVP）、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）、N’N-二乙基丙烯酰胺（DEAA）、1-(3-磺丙基)-2-乙烯基吡啶氢氧化物内盐为主要原料，N’N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）为交联剂，过硫酸钾和无水亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂，研制出一种抗高温耐盐增黏剂。红外光谱与热重分析表明，其初始分解温度为296.66℃，降解阶段质量损失仅45.96%，性能优于国外同类产品HE300。0.5%浓度水溶液的稠度系数K可达722，增黏效果突出，抗温可达220℃，抗盐可达饱和。现场应用试验表明，该增黏剂抗高温增黏效果突出，为深层高温潜山油气资源钻探开发提供了钻井液技术支持。Abstract: The Ordovician buried-hill reservoir in Liaohe Oilfield exhibits a challenging high-temperature (200℃ at reservoir center) and low-pressure (pressure coefficient 1.01～1.06) environment characteristic of typical high-temperature, low-pressure oil/gas reservoirs. To achieve formation protection, a solids-free water based drilling fluid was prioritized, with tackifier selection being critical. Through molecular structure optimization, a novel high-temperature/salt-resistant tackifier was developed using four monomers: N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), N'N-diethylacrylamide (DEAA), and 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-2-vinylpyridinium hydroxide inner salt. The synthesis employed N'N-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker with potassium persulfate and sodium bisulfite as redox initiators. FTIR and TGA analysis confirmed successful polymerization, demonstrating superior thermal stability with 296.66℃ initial decomposition temperature and only 45.96% mass loss during degradation phase, outperforming commercial HE300. The fluid achieved remarkable rheological performance with 722 consistency coefficient (K) at 0.5% concentration. Laboratory evaluations verified exceptional thermal stability up to 220℃ and saturated salt tolerance. Field applications demonstrated excellent viscosity-enhancing performance and robust durability of this novel tackifier, providing vital technical support for buried-hill reservoir development and high-temperature formation drilling operations.
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Key words:
- High-temperature resistant /
- Salt-tolerant /
- Tackifier /
- Solid-free drilling fluid /
- Buried hill
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表 1 GW-Ultra VIS合成实验单体转化率
编号 单体质量/g 产物质量/g 转化率/% 平均转化率/% 1 42.0126 40.8321 97.19 97.45 2 41.0213 97.64 3 40.9658 97.51 
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表 2 不同浓度GW-Ultra VIS水溶液的黏度、n值和K值
浓度/% AV/mPa·s n K 0.05 1.25 0.74 8 0.1 2.5 0.74 15 0.25 10.0 0.62 138 0.5 25.0 0.51 722 0.75 41.5 0.44 1951 1 58.5 0.43 3092
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表 3 增黏剂水溶液流变性能
名称 T/
℃条件 PV/
mPa·sYP/
PaYP/PV/
(Pa/
mPa·s)黏度保
持率/%n K GW-Ultra VIS 热滚前 20 15.0 0.75 100.00 0.49 1238 200 热滚后 18 12.5 0.69 87.14 0.50 945 220 热滚后 15 10.0 0.67 71.43 0.51 722 HE300 热滚前 14 6.5 0.46 100.00 0.60 322 200 热滚后 12 4.0 0.33 78.05 0.68 149 220 热滚后 11 1.5 0.14 60.98 0.84 39
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表 4 GW-Ultra VIS水溶液的抗饱和盐污染性能
序号 T热滚/ ℃ 水溶液 条件 AV/mPa·s PV/mPa·s YP/Pa YP/PV/（Pa/mPa·s） 黏度保持率/% 1 / 清水 热滚前 75.0 42 33.0 0.79 / 2 / 饱和盐水 热滚前 53.5 37 16.5 0.45 / 3 200 清水 热滚后 72.0 40 32.0 0.80 96.00 4 200 饱和盐水 热滚后 51.0 34 17.0 0.50 95.33 5 220 饱和盐水 热滚后 44.5 30 14.5 0.48 83.18 6 240 饱和盐水 热滚后 22.0 17 5.0 0.29 41.12
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表 5 储层钻开液流变性和滤失性能实验结果
无固相钻井液 实验条件 AV/mPa·s PV/mPa·s YP/Pa YP/PV/（Pa/mPa·s） FLAPI/mL n K 1# 热滚前 32 21 11 0.52 6.5 0.57 614 热滚后 32 22 10 0.45 6.8 0.61 485 2# 热滚前 22 13 9 0.69 5.4 0.51 678 热滚后 18 11 7 0.64 5.6 0.53 480
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表 6 1#井现场试验数据
井深/m AV/mPa·s PV/mPa·s YP/Pa YP/PV/(Pa/ mPa·s) φ6/φ3 FLAPI/mL n K 3658 13.0 9 4.0 0.44 2/1 14 0.61 190 3715 13.5 10 3.5 0.35 2/1 9.8 0.67 137 3771 17.0 12 5.0 0.42 2/1 9.6 0.63 224 3803 21.0 15 6.0 0.40 2/1 9.7 0.64 259 3854 22.5 16 6.5 0.41 2/1 9.6 0.63 285 注：0.4%GW-Ultra VIS+3%海泡石+0.5%高温稳定剂+0.1%NaOH。
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表 7 2#井现场试验数据
加入时/
hAV/
mPa·sPV/
mPa·sYP/
PaYP/PV/
（Pa/ mPa·s）φ6/φ3 n K 1 34.5 24 10.5 0.44 6/5 0.62 477 2 30.0 21 9.0 0.43 5/4 0.62 413 3 28.5 20 8.5 0.43 5/4 0.62 387 4 22.0 16 6.0 0.38 4/3 0.65 245 注：0.4%GW-Ultra VIS+1.5%GW-FLC+0.1%NaOH+1.5%SMA-sealing+5%甲酸钠+ 5%KCl。
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表 8 3#井现场试验数据
井深 AV/mPa·s PV/mPa·s YP/Pa YP/PV/(Pa/ mPa·s) φ6/φ3 FLAPI/mL n K 5720 43.0 36 7.0 0.19 3/2 3.4 0.78 194 5860 49.0 37 12.0 0.32 4/3 2.4 0.68 438 5920 49.0 39 10.0 0.26 4/2.5 2.8 0.73 314 6045 50.5 39 11.5 0.29 4.5/4 2.6 0.70 393 6120 51.5 39 12.5 0.32 4/3 2.8 0.69 452 6210 52.5 39 13.5 0.35 5/4 2.4 0.67 517 注：3%膨润土+0.15%NaOH+0.15%包被剂+0.1%GW-Ultra VIS+2.5%抗高温降滤失剂+2%腐植酸钾+10%NaCl+7%甲酸钠+1.5%纳米封堵剂+3%润滑防塌剂+2%白沥青+2%石墨+1%超细碳酸钙+1%石灰石。
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