Flow Characteristics of Dual-Increasing Stimulation Slurry in Unconsolidated Silty Sandstone
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摘要: 双增改造浆液是一种针对海底富含甲烷水合物泥质粉砂岩等弱胶结储层的新型改造工作液，注入地层后固结形成多孔浆脉具有增渗增强的作用。利用浆液裂缝流动可视化实验装置，开展了泥质粉砂沉积物内浆液流动特征实验。揭示了地质参数、浆液配方及工程参数对浆液流动、滤失及浆脉孔隙的影响规律。研究结果表明：浆液在裂缝内流动均匀，呈现凸状流形，能流动至主裂缝与分支裂缝末端，对裂缝填充效果好；较少的滤失量提高了浆脉内中大孔的占比；针对不同渗透性地层可通过配方调整减少浆液滤失，高注入速率导致滤失范围扩大；浆脉有效孔隙度在50%～60%之间，孔隙空间分布均匀，形成了以大孔（孔径>50 nm）为主，微中孔（孔径<50 nm）密集分布的形式，可作为气、水运移的高导流通道，中小孔的密集分布有利于防砂。Abstract: The dual-increasing stimulation slurry is a novel stimulation fluid developed for weakly cemented reservoirs, such as submarine methane-hydrate-bearing silty sandstones. After injection into the formation, it consolidates to form porous-media slurry veins that enhance permeability. This study employed a slurry fracture flow visualization apparatus to investigate the flow characteristics of the slurry within muddy silty sediments. The experiments revealed the influence of geological parameters, slurry formulation, and operational parameters on slurry flow, fluid loss, and slurry-vein porosity. The results indicate that the slurry flows uniformly and exhibits a convex fracture flow profile, flowing to the end of main fracture and branch fracture, effectively filling fractures. Lower fluid loss increases the proportion of medium-to-large pores within the slurry veins. Adjusting the slurry formulation can reduce fluid loss in formations of varying permeability, whereas a high injection rate expands the fluid loss zone. The effective porosity ranges from 50% to 60% with a uniformly distributed pore space, forming a structure dominated by large pores (pore diameter > 50 nm) and densely distributed micro- to mesopores (pore diameter < 50 nm). This pore network can serve as high-conductivity channels for gas and water migration, while the dense distribution of small and medium pores is conducive to sand control.
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表 1 双增改造浆液裂缝流动特征实验参数
组别 沉积物性质 分支
角度/°浆液黏
度/mPa·s裂缝开
度/mm注浆速率/
mL/min孔隙度/
%含水饱
和度/%1 42 60 90 137 3 300 2 42 70 90 137 3 300 3 42 80 90 137 3 300 4 42 90 90 137 3 300 5 42 60 90 190 3 300 6 42 60 90 400 3 300 7 42 60 90 137 3 100 8 42 60 90 137 3 150 9 42 60 90 137 3 200 10 42 60 90 137 3 250 11 42 60 30 137 5 300 12 42 60 60 137 5 300 13 42 60 90 137 5 300 14 42 60 120 137 5 300 
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