A Pre-Flush for Lost Circulation Control Based on Expandable Fiber-Grafted Resin
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摘要: 随着油气勘探向深部复杂地层拓展，裂缝漏失已成为影响固井质量的复杂难题。现有堵漏前置液体系在裂缝及高温地层适应性较差，难以保障固井安全和水泥浆返高。为此，提出了一种基于纤维接枝可膨胀树脂与刚性方解石、海泡石纤维复合架桥的新型堵漏前置液体系。采用红外光谱对纤维接枝树脂进行结构表征，并评价了该堵漏前置液体系的流变性、封堵性、相容性及酸溶规律。结果表明，该堵漏前置液体系可封堵1～4 mm裂缝，承压能力达5.0 MPa以上，具备良好的自适应填充性，能显著提升裂缝性地层的封堵效果；该前置液流变性能稳定，高压下滤失量低于30 mL，可阻止固相颗粒侵入裂缝；与固井水泥浆相容性良好，基本不影响水泥浆抗压强度发展；针对裂缝性储层，后期可通过低浓度盐酸解堵，5%盐酸下封堵层溶解率达92.97%。该堵漏前置液体系能显著降低漏失风险并减轻对裂缝性储层的伤害，为裂缝性地层固井堵漏提供了新的技术方法。Abstract: With the exploration of oil and gas into deep and complex formations, lost circulation in fractured formations has become a complicated problem affecting the quality of well cementing. The pre-flushes for lost circulation control presently in use exhibit poor adaptability to fractured and high-temperature formations, making it difficult to ensure well cementing safety and return height of cement slurry. To solve this problem, a novel pre-flush for lost circulation control system was presented based on expandable fiber-grafted resin bridged with compounded rigid calcite and sepiolite fibers. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the structure of the fiber-grafted resin was characterized, and the rheology, plugging capacity, compatibility and acid solubility were evaluated. The results show that the pre-flush can seal fractures of 1 – 4 mm in width, and has pressure bearing capacity exceeding 5.0 MPa, demonstrating that the pre-flush has favorable adaptive filling characteristics and improves significantly the plugging effect in fractured formations. The pre-flush exhibits stable rheology, the high-pressure filtration rate of which is less than 30 mL, and it prevents solid particles from invading fractures. The pre-flush is well compatible with cement slurries, and it basically shows no adverse effect on the development of the compressive strength of a cement slurry. For fractured reservoirs, the pre-flush can be removed in late stage with low concentration hydrochloric acid, a hydrochloric acid of 5% dissolve 92.97% of the plugging zone. This pre-flush for lost circulation control can significantly reduce the risk of lost circulation and mitigate damage to fractured reservoirs, providing a new technical approach for lost circulation control in cementing wells penetrating fractured formations.
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表 1 堵漏前置液体系配方
配方 NaCl/% O-SP/% XPD/% HX-A/% GFD/% 1# 1 2 1.5 0.4 4.1 2# 1 2 1.7 0.4 4.7 3# 1 2 1.9 0.7 5.0 4# 1 2 2.1 0.7 5.6 
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表 2 堵漏前置液体系的流变性
t/
minT/
℃φ600/φ300/φ200/φ100/φ6/φ3 n K/
Pa·sn0 25 21/16/11/10.5/10/6 0.383 0.752 30 25 63/54/31/28/11/7 0.597 0.668 60 25 87/63/47/29/12/5 0.705 0.397 0 60 19/16/9/7/6/3 0.751 0.076 30 60 39/22/17/10/9/7 0.716 0.362 60 60 74/42/23/19/6/4 0.721 0.240 0 90 18/15/8/6/4/3 0.833 0.043 30 90 27/17/8/7/6/4.5 0.806 0.057 60 90 52/29/16/13/7/6 0.729 0.157
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表 3 可酸化解堵前置液对1～4 mm裂缝的堵漏效果
配方 裂缝宽度/
mm承压能力/
MPa承压时间/
min漏失量/
mL1# 1 6.7 >10 38 2# 2 6.0 >10 47 3# 3 5.5 >10 59 4# 4 5.0 >10 66
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