钻井液用相变微胶囊DM@SiO<sub>2</sub>室内研究

王茂仁; 梁红瑞; 史宇杰; 吴永斌

doi:10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.05.006

钻井液用相变微胶囊DM@SiO₂室内研究

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.05.006

1.
中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区, 新疆克拉玛依 843000
2.
中国石油集团新疆油田公司勘探事业部, 新疆克拉玛依 843000
3.
中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司钻井液分公司, 新疆克拉玛依 843000

基金项目: 新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项“新疆高温高压深层钻探井壁失稳机理与控制关键技术研究”（2024B01014-3）。

详细信息

作者简介:
王茂仁，1982年生，正高级工程师，博士，毕业于西南石油大学化学工程与技术专业，现在主要从事钻井液及“三废”资源化技术研究工作。电话（0990）6633363；E-mail：2022592102@cupk.edu.com

中图分类号: TE254.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-04-11
- 修回日期: 2026-05-29
- 刊出日期: 2026-10-01

Laboratory Study on Phase Change Microcapsules DM@SiO₂ for Drilling Fluids

1.
Karamay Campus, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Karamay, Xinjiang 843000
2.
Exploration Division of CNPC Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay, Xinjiang 843000
3.
Drilling Fluid Division of CNPC Western Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Karamay, Xinjiang 843000

摘要

摘要: 为探究相变微胶囊（PCMs）在超深井筒中温度调控的潜力，室内采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了以D-甘露醇（DM）为芯材、SiO₂包覆的无机壳层PCMs（DM@SiO₂），通过扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射及同步热分析等表征手段，系统分析了DM@SiO₂的形貌、化学结构、晶型、储热性能、热稳定性，并开展了井筒传热的数值模拟。表征与性能评价结果表明，该DM@SiO₂颗粒完整，核壳结构清晰；相变潜热可达224.59 J/g，包封率为76.76%；DM@SiO₂在白油钻井液体系中可使升温速率明显延缓，并在相变温度区间形成恒温平台，当加量为10%和15%时，升温速率曲线在相变区间呈现宽阔“凹陷带”，维持时间分别达6 min和10 min；同时表现出良好的热稳定性、抗剪切性、耐碱性及与油基钻井液的配伍性；结果显示，DM@SiO₂可在9000 m和10 000 m井深井筒中形成167  ℃的相变恒温带，其中9000 m井的恒温带可延伸至井底，10 000 m井在15%加量时最大可达2869 m，并能显著降低高温段流体温度。综上，DM@SiO₂在钻井液循环中用于降低井筒温度方面展现出良好的应用前景。
- 超深井 /
- 钻井液 /
- 相变微胶囊 /
- 潜热 /
- 包封率
Abstract: To explore the potential of phase change microcapsules (PCMs) in temperature regulation within ultra-deep wellbores, this study successfully prepared PCMs DM@SiO₂ with D-mannitol (DM) as the core material and an inorganic shell layer of SiO₂ by the sol-gel method. The morphology, chemical structure, crystal form, heat storage performance, and thermal stability of DM@SiO₂ were systematically analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and simultaneous thermal analysis (STA). Additionally, numerical simulations of wellbore heat transfer were conducted. The results indicated that the DM@SiO₂ particles were intact with a clear core-shell structure. The phase change latent heat reached 224.59 J/g, and the encapsulation efficiency was 76.76%. Performance evaluations showed that under a high-temperature condition of 180 ℃, at addition amounts of 10% and 15%, DM@SiO₂ maintained white oil at 167 ℃ for 6 min and 10 min, respectively, demonstrating a significant cooling delay effect. Meanwhile, it exhibited excellent thermal stability, shear resistance, alkali resistance, and compatibility with oil-based drilling fluids. Numerical simulation results revealed that DM@SiO₂ could form a 167 ℃ isothermal phase-change zone at well depths of 9000 m and 10 000 m. In the 9 000 m well, this isothermal zone extended to the bottom hole. For the 10 000 m well, the maximum length of the isothermal zone reached 2.869 km at DM@SiO₂ addition amount of 15%. DM@SiO₂ could also significantly reduce the fluid temperature in the high-temperature section. DM@SiO₂ holds promising application prospects for lowering wellbore temperatures during drilling fluid circulation.
- Ultra-deep wells /
- Drilling fluid /
- Phase change microcapsule /
- Latent heat /
- Encapsulation efficiency

HTML全文

图 1 DM、SiO₂和DM@SiO₂的FT-IR和XRD图

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图 2 SEM图（a）DM原料和DM@SiO₂SEM图

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图 3 DM@SiO₂微胶囊的面扫图

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图 4 DM@SiO₂的粒径分布图

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图 5 DM与DM@SiO₂的DSC和TG曲线图

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图 6 DM@SiO₂的剪切力学性能及耐碱稳定性测试结果

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图 7 DM@SiO₂不同热滚时间的DSC图

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图 8 不同DM@SiO₂加量下钻井液的降温性能及加热速率响应

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图 9 不同DM@SiO₂加量下钻井液高温老化过程中的流变性与电稳定性

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图 10 不同加量的DM@SiO₂在9000 m井内循环不同时间钻柱内流体和环空流体降温幅度的影响

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图 11 DM@SiO₂加量对10 000m井内循环不同时间流体降温幅度的影响

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