适用于中低温条件的泥饼冲洗剂

涂思琦; 孙富全; 邹双; 谢飞燕; 沙林浩; 赵红静; 邵光辉

doi:10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.04.012

适用于中低温条件的泥饼冲洗剂

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2026.04.012

涂思琦^{1, 2, 3, 4,},
孙富全^{2, 3, 4},
邹双^{2, 3, 4},
谢飞燕^{2, 3, 4},
沙林浩^{2, 3, 4},
赵红静¹,
邵光辉^{2, 3, 4}

1.
长江大学资源与环境学院, 武汉 430100
2.
中国石油集团海洋工程有限公司渤星公司, 天津 300451
3.
中国石油集团钻井工程重点实验室固井技术研究室, 天津 300451
4.
油气钻完井技术国家工程研究中心固井实验室, 天津 300451

基金项目: 中国石油集团海洋工程公司项目“苏里南固井工程一体化方案及技术研究”（202505-03）。

详细信息

作者简介:
涂思琦，工程师，现在从事固井外加剂的研发与技术服务工作。电话 17612280948；E-mail：tusq@cnpc.com.cn

中图分类号: TE256
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-02-12
- 修回日期: 2026-04-13
- 刊出日期: 2026-07-30

Mud-Cake Displacement Agents for Moderate to Low Temperature Conditions

Tu Siqi^{1, 2, 3, 4
,},
Sun Fuquan^{2, 3, 4},
Zou Shuang^{2, 3, 4},
Xie Feiyan^{2, 3, 4},
Sha Linhao^{2, 3, 4},
Zhao Hongjing¹,
Shao Guanghui^{2, 3, 4}

1.
College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei 430100
2.
CPOE Boxing Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300451
3.
Department of Well Cementing Technology, CNPC Key Laboratory of Drilling Engineering, Tianjin 300451
4.
Cementing Laboratory of National, Engineering Research Center of Oil & Gas Drilling and Completion Technology, Tianjin 300451

摘要

摘要: 中低温油气井固井作业中，高黏度切力强吸附性水基钻井液形成的泥饼结构致密、附着力强，现有冲洗剂普遍存在渗透能力不足、冲洗效率低、低温适应性差等问题，易导致二界面胶结质量不合格，引发环空窜流等工程隐患。针对这一问题，研究基于冲洗剂的渗透、螯合、解絮凝、润湿及劈楔核心原理，通过配方优化，构建了FC-1、PA-2、二乙二醇丁醚与磷酸盐的多元协同体系，研制出一种可在中低温条件下快速清除泥饼、冲洗效率高的冲洗剂S-2。通过室内性能评价与现场试验对S-2的综合性能进行了系统表征，结果表明：①冲洗剂S-2适配性良好，可满足聚合物钻井液、聚磺钻井液、钾基钻井液等不同类型水基钻井液的作业需求；②在常温～80 ℃中低温区间内，S-2可在5～10 min内实现90%以上的泥饼清除率，相较于市售冲洗剂，冲洗效率提升190%以上，对高黏度切力强吸附性泥饼具备优异的快速剥离能力；③S-2倾点低至−18 ℃，在−10 ℃低温环境下仍保持良好流动性，满足低温环境下运输与储存要求；④S-2与钻井液、水泥浆相容性优异，可改善固井二界面胶结质量。目前该冲洗剂已成功应用于渤海油田xxx井Φ244.5 mm油层套管固井作业，固井质量评定为优，展现出良好的应用效果，为中低温油气井优质固井提供了新的技术支撑。
- 固井 /
- 冲洗剂 /
- 冲洗效率 /
- 胶结质量 /
- 钻井液
Abstract: During cementing operations in medium- and low-temperature oil and gas wells, mud cakes formed by water-based drilling fluids with strong viscosity, shear force, and high adsorption capacity exhibit dense structures and strong adhesion. Existing flushing agents generally suffer from insufficient penetration, low flushing efficiency, and poor adaptability to low temperatures, which easily lead to poor cementing quality at the second interface and engineering hazards such as annular channeling. To address these problems, based on the core principles of penetration, chelation, deflocculation, wetting, and wedge splitting, a multi-component synergistic system comprising FC-1, PA-2, diethylene glycol butyl ether, and phosphates was constructed through formulation optimization. Consequently, a novel flushing agent S-2 capable of rapidly removing mud cakes with high flushing efficiency under medium- and low-temperature conditions was developed. The comprehensive performance of S-2 was systematically characterized through laboratory evaluations and field tests. The results indicated the followings: (1) S-2 exhibited excellent compatibility and met the operational requirements for various types of water-based drilling fluids, including polymer, polysulfonate, and potassium-based drilling fluids. (2) Within the medium- and low-temperature range from room temperature to 80 °C, S-2 achieved a mud cake removal rate of over 90% within 5–10 min. Compared with commercially available flushing agents, it exhibited a flushing efficiency increased by more than 190%, demonstrating outstanding rapid stripping capability against mud cakes with strong viscosity, shear force, and high adsorption capacity. (3) S-2 had a low pour point of −18 °C and maintained good fluidity at −10 °C, meeting transportation and storage requirements in low-temperature environments. (4) S-2 showed excellent compatibility with both drilling fluids and cement slurries, effectively improving the cementing quality at the second interface. This flushing agent was successfully applied in the Φ244.5 mm production casing cementing operation of Well xxx in the Bohai Oilfield. The cementing quality was evaluated as excellent. It demonstrated a favorable application effect and provided new technical support for high-quality cementing in medium- and low-temperature oil and gas wells.
- Cementing /
- Flushing agent /
- Flushing efficiency /
- Cementing quality /
- Drilling fluid

HTML全文

图 1 冲洗剂S-2对不同密度钻井液泥饼冲洗效果图

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图 2 市售冲洗剂对不同钻井液滤饼冲洗效果图

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图 3 隔离液与水泥浆稠化相容性曲线

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图 4 水泥浆与冲洗液混浆稠化曲线(95∶5)

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表 1 单一表面活性剂性能评价

表面活性剂	25 ℃ 溶解状态	pH值（1% 水溶液）	25 ℃ 表面张力/ mN/m	冲洗效率/%
表面活性剂	25 ℃ 溶解状态	pH值（1% 水溶液）	25 ℃ 表面张力/ mN/m	25 ℃	70 ℃
磺酸盐SA-1	澄清透明	7.2	34.2	11.9	15.6
脂肪酸酯FAE-1	澄清透明	6.5	29.5	18.5	22.4
磷酸酯PA-1	微浑浊	3.0	36.8	12.5	18.7
磷酸酯PA-2	澄清透明	3.0	30.1	26.5	28.9
磷酸酯钾盐NS-2	澄清透明	7.2	33.2	11.5	15.6
氟碳表面活性剂FC-1	澄清透明	6.8	19.2	32.5	34.8
聚氧乙烯醚PE-1	澄清透明	6.8	34	19.8	23.4

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表 2 复配表面活性剂性能评价

FC-1∶PA-2	接触角/ （°）	表面张力/ mN·m ⁻¹	冲洗效率/%
FC-1∶PA-2	接触角/ （°）	表面张力/ mN·m ⁻¹	25 ℃	70 ℃
0∶1	33.5	30.1	26.5	28.9
1∶4	32.2	25.6	34.8	35.6
1∶3	31.8	23.2	38.6	40.2
1∶2	28.3	21.5	42.4	44.6
1∶1	26.5	20.1	54.8	58.9
2∶1	25.8	19.8	48.5	50.7
4∶1	26.2	19.5	42.6	44.3
1∶0	28.5	19.2	32.5	38.1

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表 3 磷酸盐加量对冲洗剂体系性能的影响

磷酸盐%	25 ℃冲洗效率/%	70 ℃冲洗效率/%
0	68.5	72.4
1.0	78.2	80.5
2.0	85.6	86.8
3.0	90.3	91.2
4.0	92.8	93.5
5.0	93.2	93.8

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表 4 泥饼冲洗剂S-2对滤饼的冲洗效率（40 ℃）

钻井液类型	ρ_钻井液/ g/cm³	冲洗时间/ min	滤纸和滤饼的质量m₁/g	冲洗液冲洗后滤饼和滤纸质量m₂/g	剩余的泥饼和滤纸质量m₃/g	冲洗效率/ %	平均值/ %
PEC	1.15	7	2.90	1.19	1.19	100	97.67
		7	2.87	1.23	1.21	98
		7	2.90	1.39	1.26	95
PEC	1.25	10	3.21	1.74	1.57	90	92.33
		10	4.09	1.89	1.85	92
		10	3.82	2.06	1.96	95
PEM	1.14	5	2.31	1.42	1.37	95	95.67
		5	2.78	1.26	1.21	96
		5	2.67	1.32	1.27	96
PEM	1.52	5	4.33	1.71	1.68	95	97.33
		5	4.40	1.89	1.81	97
		5	4.53	1.72	1.72	100
注：冲洗液配方：100 g水+30 g冲洗剂S-2+0.1 g G603。

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表 5 市售泥饼冲洗剂对滤饼冲洗效率（40 ℃）

钻井液类型	ρ/ g/cm³	冲洗时间/ min	滤纸和滤饼的质量m₁/g	冲洗液冲洗后滤饼和滤纸质量m₂/g	剩余的泥饼和滤纸质量m₃/g	冲洗效率/ %
PEC	1.25	10	3.25	2.98	1.57	17
PEM	1.14	10	2.56	2.14	1.21	31
注：冲洗液配方：100 g水+30 g市售冲洗剂+ 0.1g G603。

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表 6 不同温度条件下冲洗剂对滤饼冲洗效率

温度/℃	冲洗效率/%	温度/℃	冲洗效率/%
室温	98	70	97
40	99	80	90
60	96

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表 7 冲洗液倾点实验

S-2/%	倾点/℃	S-2/%	倾点/℃
10	−15	30	−15
20	−15	100	−18

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