The Influence of Glass Fibers on the Mechanical Performance and Microphase Composition of Sand-Added Oil Well Cement under Ultra-High Temperature
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摘要: 在深井及超深井作业中，超高温高压等复杂工况对油井水泥石的力学性能提出了更高要求。掺石英砂是抑制水泥强度衰退最常用的手段，但在200 ℃以上功效减弱，因此探讨了玻璃纤维对超高温加砂水泥性能及微相组分的影响规律。选取嘉华G级油井水泥，掺入50%的200目石英砂，加入不同加量玻璃纤维Z-GF，在240 ℃和20.7 MPa下进行养护。结果表明，玻璃纤维能缓解超高温下水泥石强度的下降。确定玻璃纤维最佳掺量为5%，其28 d抗压强度达38.3 MPa，较2 d和7 d分别提升了32.5%和18.9%。固化28 d后，未加Z-GF水泥水化产物托贝莫来石转变为硬硅钙石，并生成透辉石新相，而含5%Z-GF的水泥石则以托贝莫来石为主；与未加Z-GF水泥相比，含5%Z-GF的水泥石小尺寸纳米孔（<20 nm）占比显著增加，由18.88%增加至39.56%。玻璃纤维和石英砂与CH反应，消耗多余SiO2，提高了水泥石长期强度。小尺寸纳米孔的增加和托贝莫来石的生成是抑制高温水泥石强度衰退的重要因素。Abstract: In deep and ultra-deep well operations, complex work conditions such as ultra-high temperature and high pressure impose higher requirements on the mechanical performance of oil well set cement. The most common method of inhibiting the set cement strength degradation is to add quartz sand into the cement slurry; however, the effectiveness of this method weakens at temperatures above 200 ℃. To deal with this situation, the influence of glass fiber on the properties and microphase composition of ultra-high temperature sand-added cement was investigated. Jiahua grade G cement slurries treated with 50% 200-mesh quartz sand and different quantities of glass fiber Z-GF were cured at 240 ℃ and 20.7 MPa. The test results show that glass fiber can mitigate the decline of the strength of the set cement at ultra-high temperatures. The optimal concentration of glass fiber was determined to be 5%, the 28-day compressive strength was 38.3 MPa, which was 32.5% and 18.9% higher than those of the 2-day and the 7-day. After curing for 28 days, the main hydrational product of the cement without Z-GF treatment, which was tobermorite, turned into a hard xonotlite, and a new phase diopside was produced, while the set cement containing 5%Z-GF was dominated by tobermorite. Compared with the cement without Z-GF, the set cement containing 5%Z-GF has the quantity of smaller-sized nanopores (<20 nm) significantly increased from 18.88% to 39.56%. Glass fiber and quartz sand react with CH to consume excess SiO2, enhancing the long-term strength of the set cement. The increase in the quantity of small-sized nanopores and the generation of tobermorite are the key factors in inhibiting the strength decline of the set cement at elevated temperatures.
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Key words:
- Oil well cement /
- Ultra-high temperature /
- Quartz sand /
- Glass fiber /
- Tobermorite
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表 1 各实验材料的组分
% 实验材料 SiO2 Al2O3 CaO Fe2O3 TiO2 SO3 K2O MgO P2O5 Na2O 水泥 19.478 3.403 63.037 6.156 0.35 3.71 0.517 2.459 0.036 石英砂 92.06 4.865 0.654 0.722 0.06 0.047 1.04 0.125 0.025 0.098 玻璃纤维 71.733 0.903 9.709 0.253 0.028 0.443 0.297 3.98 0.007 12.014 
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表 2 不同玻璃纤维加量对加砂水泥石力学性能的影响（240 ℃、20.7 MPa）
配方 Z-GF/
%p2 d/MPa p7 d/MPa p14 d/MPa p28 d/MPa 均值 误差 均值 误差 均值 误差 均值 误差 J0 0 26.5 1.0 25.6 1.1 23.6 3.4 18.9 2.5 J2 2 23.9 0.9 24.2 0.8 26.0 2.5 27.1 2.0 J5 5 28.9 2.3 32.2 2.1 36.9 1.2 38.3 1.6 J10 10 25.5 1.9 22.4 1.5 24.2 2.8 26.5 2.4
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表 3 J0和J5水泥石的孔隙度及孔径分布
试样 养护时间/d 总孔隙率/% 孔径分布/% >200 nm 100～200 nm 50～100 nm 50～20 nm 10～20 nm <10 nm J0 28 41.14 7.30 21.30 30.14 22.38 11.17 7.71 J5 28 37.61 3.10 2.74 19.23 35.38 29.96 9.60
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