A New High-temperature Tackifier for Solid-free Drilling Fluids
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摘要: 辽河油区奥陶系潜山油层中部温度高达200 ℃，地层压力系数仅为1.01～1.06，属于典型的高温低压油气藏。为安全优质钻进与高效保护油气层，亟需研发一种适用于无固相水基钻井液的抗高温增黏剂。通过分子结构优化，以N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮（NVP）、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）、N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺（DEAA）、1-（3-磺丙基）-2-乙烯基吡啶氢氧化物内盐为主要原料，N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）为交联剂，过硫酸钾和无水亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂，研制出一种抗高温耐盐增黏剂。红外光谱与热重分析表明，其初始分解温度为296.66 ℃，降解阶段质量损失仅45.96%，性能优于国外同类产品HE300。0.5%浓度水溶液的稠度系数K可达722 Pa · sn，增黏效果突出，抗温可达220 ℃，抗盐可达饱和。现场应用试验表明，该增黏剂抗高温增黏效果突出，为深层高温潜山油气资源钻探开发提供了钻井液技术支持。Abstract: The Ordovician buried-hill reservoir in Liaohe Oilfield exhibits a challenging high-temperature (200 ℃ at reservoir center) and low-pressure (pressure coefficient 1.01～1.06) environment characteristic of typical high-temperature, low-pressure oil/gas reservoirs. To achieve formation protection, a solids-free water based drilling fluid was prioritized, with tackifier selection being critical. Through molecular structure optimization, a novel high-temperature/salt-resistant tackifier was developed using four monomers: N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), N,N-diethylacrylamide (DEAA), and 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-2-vinylpyridinium hydroxide inner salt. The synthesis employed N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker with potassium persulfate and sodium bisulfite as redox initiators. FTIR and TGA analysis confirmed successful polymerization, demonstrating superior thermal stability with 296.66 ℃ initial decomposition temperature and only 45.96% mass loss during degradation phase, outperforming commercial HE300. The fluid achieved remarkable rheological performance with 722 consistency coefficient (K) at 0.5% concentration. Laboratory evaluations verified exceptional thermal stability up to 220 ℃ and saturated salt tolerance. Field applications demonstrated excellent viscosity-enhancing performance and robust durability of this novel tackifier, providing vital technical support for buried-hill reservoir development and high-temperature formation drilling operations.
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Key words:
- High-temperature resistant /
- Salt-tolerant /
- Tackifier /
- Solid-free drilling fluid /
- Buried hill
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表 1 GW-Ultra VIS合成实验单体转化率
编号 单体质量/g 产物质量/g 转化率/% 平均转化率/% 1 42.0126 40.8321 97.19 97.45 2 41.0213 97.64 3 40.9658 97.51 
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表 2 不同浓度GW-Ultra VIS水溶液的黏度、n值和K值
浓度/% AV/mPa·s n K/Pa·sn 0.05 1.25 0.74 8 0.10 2.5 0.74 15 0.25 10.0 0.62 138 0.50 25.0 0.51 722 0.75 41.5 0.44 1951 1.00 58.5 0.43 3092
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表 3 增黏剂水溶液流变性能
名称 实验
条件PV/
mPa·sYP/
PaYP/PV/
Pa/mPa·s黏度保
持率/%n K/
Pa·snGW-Ultra VIS 热滚前 20 15.0 0.75 100.00 0.49 1238 200 ℃×
16 h18 12.5 0.69 87.14 0.50 945 220 ℃×
16 h15 10.0 0.67 71.43 0.51 722 HE300 热滚前 14 6.5 0.46 100.00 0.60 322 200 ℃×
16 h12 4.0 0.33 78.05 0.68 149 220 ℃×
16 h11 1.5 0.14 60.98 0.84 39
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表 4 GW-Ultra VIS水溶液的抗饱和盐污染性能
序号 水溶液 实验条件 AV/mPa·s PV/mPa·s YP/Pa YP/PV/（Pa/mPa·s） 黏度保持率/% 1# 清水 热滚前 75.0 42 33.0 0.79 2# 饱和盐水 热滚前 53.5 37 16.5 0.45 3# 清水 200 ℃×16 h 72.0 40 32.0 0.80 96.00 4# 饱和盐水 200 ℃×16 h 51.0 34 17.0 0.50 95.33 5# 饱和盐水 220 ℃×16 h 44.5 30 14.5 0.48 83.18 6# 饱和盐水 240 ℃×16 h 22.0 17 5.0 0.29 41.12
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表 5 储层钻开液流变性和滤失性能实验结果
无固相钻井液 实验条件 AV/mPa·s PV/mPa·s YP/Pa YP/PV/（Pa/mPa·s） FLAPI/mL n K/Pa·sn 1# 热滚前 32 21 11 0.52 6.5 0.57 614 热滚后 32 22 10 0.45 6.8 0.61 485 2# 热滚前 22 13 9 0.69 5.4 0.51 678 热滚后 18 11 7 0.64 5.6 0.53 480
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表 6 1号井现场试验数据
井深/m AV/mPa·s PV/mPa·s YP/Pa YP/PV/(Pa/mPa·s) φ6/φ3 FLAPI/mL n K/Pa·sn 3658 13.0 9 4.0 0.44 2/1 14 0.61 190 3715 13.5 10 3.5 0.35 2/1 9.8 0.67 137 3771 17.0 12 5.0 0.42 2/1 9.6 0.63 224 3803 21.0 15 6.0 0.40 2/1 9.7 0.64 259 3854 22.5 16 6.5 0.41 2/1 9.6 0.63 285 注：0.4%GW-Ultra VIS+3%海泡石+0.5%高温稳定剂+0.1%NaOH。
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表 7 2号井现场试验数据
加入时长/
hAV/
mPa·sPV/
mPa·sYP/
PaYP/PV/
Pa/mPa·sφ6/φ3 n K/
Pa·sn1 34.5 24 10.5 0.44 6/5 0.62 477 2 30.0 21 9.0 0.43 5/4 0.62 413 3 28.5 20 8.5 0.43 5/4 0.62 387 4 22.0 16 6.0 0.38 4/3 0.65 245 注：0.4%GW-Ultra VIS+1.5%GW-FLC+0.1%NaOH+1.5%SMA-sealing+5%甲酸钠+ 5%KCl。
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表 8 3号井现场试验数据
井深/m AV/mPa·s PV/mPa·s YP/Pa YP/PV/(Pa/mPa·s) φ6/φ3 FLAPI/mL n K/Pa·sn 5720 43.0 36 7.0 0.19 3.0/2.0 3.4 0.78 194 5860 49.0 37 12.0 0.32 4.0/3.0 2.4 0.68 438 5920 49.0 39 10.0 0.26 4.0/2.5 2.8 0.73 314 6045 50.5 39 11.5 0.29 4.5/4.0 2.6 0.70 393 6120 51.5 39 12.5 0.32 4.0/3.0 2.8 0.69 452 6210 52.5 39 13.5 0.35 5.0/4.0 2.4 0.67 517 注：3%膨润土+0.15%NaOH+0.15%包被剂+0.1%GW-Ultra VIS+2.5%抗高温降滤失剂+2%腐植酸钾+10%NaCl+7%甲酸钠+1.5%纳米封堵剂+3%润滑防塌剂+2%白沥青+2%石墨+1%超细碳酸钙+1%石灰石。
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