Development and Performance Evaluation of a Degradable Temporary Plugging Agent for Wellbore Reconstruction
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摘要: 为满足套损治理二次固井等井筒重构过程中对油气层的暂时封堵。设计了一种以PLA为核，PAM为壳的核-壳结构的复合凝胶暂堵剂，并以AM和PLA为原料、MBA为交联剂，通过反相悬浮聚合法制备了该可降解暂堵剂，对其进行FT-IR、TGA分析，并与现场使用的聚丙烯酰胺类暂堵进行性能对比评价。结果表明：可降解暂堵剂具有良好的热稳定性，在206℃以下不发生热分解；可降解暂堵剂能够满足温度为60℃～90℃、pH≤11、矿化度≤50 g/L的地层条件的井筒重构暂堵作业。可降解暂堵剂和聚丙烯酰胺类暂堵剂的封堵率和解堵率相当，耐温性能更好、对储层的伤害更低。现场应用表明，可降解暂堵剂和聚丙烯酰胺类暂堵剂的性能相当，且价格更低、暂堵后的伤害率更低，注水能力恢复更早。Abstract: In wellbore reconstruction operations such as repairing damaged casings and remedial cementing, oil and/or gas zones need to be temporarily plugged off. To perform this job, a degradable compound core-shell structure gel temporary plugging agent was designed and developed with raw materials AM and PLA. The core-shell structure uses PLA as the core and PAM as the shell. The temporary plugging agent is synthesized through inverse suspension polymerization, with MBA being the crosslinking agent. The temporary plugging agent was molecularly analyzed with FT-IR and TGA, and its performance was compared with polyacrylamide-type temporary plugging agents used in field operations. The results of the experiments show that the degradable temporary plugging agent has good thermal stability, and at temperatures up to 206℃, there is no thermal degradation of the temporary plugging agent taking place. The degradable temporary plugging agent can be used in wellbore reconstruction in these formation conditions: 60℃-90℃, pH≤11 and salinity≤50 g/L. The field operation has proved that the degradable temporary plugging agent is equivalent in performance to polyacrylamide-type temporary plugging agents in plugging formations and removing formation blockage, but has better high temperature stability, causes lower formation damage and is more cost effective, and water injection into wells operated with this degradable temporary plugging agent can be earlier restored.
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Key words:
- Degradable /
- Temporary plugging agent /
- Polymerization /
- Core-shell structure
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表 1 可降解暂堵剂的封堵和解堵性能
T/℃ 可降解暂堵剂 聚丙烯酰胺类暂堵剂 封堵率/% 解堵率/% 封堵率/% 解堵率/% 60 95.42 95.47 95.54 95.54 70 98.82 97.16 98.86 97.82 80 98.08 98.21 98.14 98.37 90 97.46 98.34 97.85 98.65 
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表 2 可降解暂堵剂降解液岩心伤害率测定结果
编号 可降解暂堵剂 聚丙烯酰胺类暂堵剂 K0/mD Kd/mD 伤害率/% K0’/mD Kd’/mD 伤害率/% 1 1.42 1.22 14.08 1.53 1.13 26.14 2 5.64 5.06 10.28 5.37 4.66 13.22 3 12.86 11.87 7.70 12.59 11.47 8.90
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表 3 现场应用效果
井号 A井 B井 井深/m 2467 2458 射孔段/m 2437.6～2441.8 2432.4～2437.1 配注量/（m3·d−1） 20 20 暂堵剂 可降解暂堵剂 聚丙烯酰胺类暂堵剂 一次暂堵后压力/
MPa15.2 15.3 暂堵剂费用/万元 4.3 4.5 7 d后注水量/ （m3·d−1） 14 12 14 d后注水量/ （m3·d−1） 20 19
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