Development and Application of a High Temperature High Filtration Rate Acid Soluble Lost Circulation Agent for Oil Based Drilling Fluids
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摘要: 针对高滤失堵漏材料在高温下使用受限、受油基钻井液混窜能力弱、酸溶率低等问题，开发出一种适用于150℃～190℃、酸溶率达75.7%的油基钻井液用高滤失堵漏剂。该堵漏剂以高软化点环氧树脂、潜伏性固化剂、酸溶率高且滤失堆积后具有一定强度的纤维材料为主体，室内评价表明，该剂可有效滤失固结，所形成的封堵层抗压强度大于4 MPa，在1～5 mm裂缝中的封堵承压能力达11.5 MPa以上，低温下不固化，高温下的固化时间为3.3～6.5 h，施工安全性高。配套形成的油基钻井液抗高温可酸溶高滤失堵漏技术在永X井油基钻井液中进行了应用，应用温度为151℃，成功封堵了该井目的层恶性漏失，取得了较好的堵漏效果。Abstract: High filtration rate lost circulation materials have several shortcomings such as inability to use at elevated temperatures, inability to mix with oil-based drilling fluids and low acid solubility etc. A high filtration rate lost circulation agent for use in oil-based drilling fluids have been developed to deal with these problems. This new lost circulation agent can be used at 150℃-190℃, and has acid solubility of 75.7%. It is composed mainly of a high softening point epoxy resin, a latent curing agent, and a highly acid soluble fiber, which has certain strength after filtering and piling. Laboratory evaluation experiment shows that this lost circulation agent can effectively consolidate after filtering, the plugging layer formed by the lost circulation agent after filtering has compressive strength that is greater than 4 MPa. The plugging layers formed in 1-5 mm fractures have compressive strengths that are greater than 11.5 MPa. The plugging layers do not cure at low temperatures and the curing time at elevated temperatures is 3.3-6.5 h, meaning that the use of this lost circulation agent is safe. A technology of using this lost circulation agent to formulate a high temperature high filtration rate acid soluble lost circulation slurry for use with oil-based drilling fluids has been used to control the loss of oil-based drilling fluid occurred on the well Yong-X. The operation temperature was 151℃, and the severe mud losses into the pay zones were successfully brought under control.
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表 1 高滤失堵漏材料的分类及特点
高滤失材料 代表产品 特点及适用范围 局限性 水泥/矿渣基可固结类 ZYSD堵漏剂、
HHH堵漏剂高强度；适用高压和需提承压地层 深井超高温地层使用受限 不固结类 Diseal 成本低，分散性好；适用于多种
钻井液及封堵中-大孔隙/裂缝强度低、持久性差 可酸溶类 ZYSD-Ⅱ堵漏剂 强度中等；可用于储层封堵 固化材料多为酸溶性水泥，
深部地层使用受限
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表 2 纤维材料优选
纤维 酸溶率/% 滤饼抗压
强度/MPa备注 化学纤维
（聚丙烯）0 0 蓬松，质软 纸纤维 12.3 0 蓬松，质软 木纤维 7.9 0 呈奶油蛋糕状绵软 GSF 61.8 1.5 质韧、有强度
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表 3 滤失层固化时间评价
树脂 不同温度（℃）下的固化时间/h 150 160 170 180 190 200 142℃～162℃软化点树脂 5.0 3.7 3.3 2.5 1.50 1.5 170℃～180℃软化点树脂 >8.0 >8.0 6.5 4.0 3.25 1.2
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表 4 胶结强度评价
树脂 不同温度（℃）下的固化时间/h 150 160 170 180 190 142℃～162℃软化点树脂 5.0 4.8 5.2 170℃～180℃软化点树脂 4.5 5.0 5.5
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表 5 永X井漏失及处理情况
封堵次数 措施 堵漏浆 效果 1～3 桥堵 8～15 m3（32%～40%）堵漏浆 憋压8～12 MPa静堵5～8.5 h，
泄压回吐3～5 m3，漏速35 m3/h4 水泥浆堵漏 注密度1.90 g/cm3水泥浆10 m3 无水泥塞 5 水泥浆堵漏 注密度2.05 g/cm3水泥浆15 m3 塞面5005 m，扫塞至5267 m放空，发生漏失，
降排量至8 L/s扫至井底，漏速15 m3/h6 常规高滤失堵漏 浓度48%的高失水堵漏浆8.2 m3 憋压11 MPa静堵24 h，泄压回吐5 m3，未成塞 注：堵漏浆配方为（8%～10%）LCM-1+（10%～15%）WNDK-1+（3%～5%）WNDK-2+（3%～6%）2R-31+（3%～5%）DHF-1。
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