Study on and Application of a Low Temperature Low Density Early Strength Cement Slurry
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摘要: 北方煤层气井冬季施工通常会面临着环境温度低、地层承压能力弱、破裂压力极低，低密水泥浆低温环境下长期不固化无强度等问题。通过优选早强补充材料及配套外加剂，研发了一套密度在1.03～1.30 g/cm3范围内适用于煤层气固井的低温低密度早强水泥浆体系。研究结果表明：该体系沉降稳定性良好，流动度为19～22 cm，析水率为0，稠化时间可调，API失水小于50 mL，4℃养护48 h水泥石抗压强度达7.0 MPa以上。该体系现场应用固井12井次，封固段固井质量平均合格率93.03%，平均优质率86.70%，冬季施工上部油层固井质量明显改善。Abstract: Coalbed methane (CBM) well operations in the north usually have to deal with problems such as low ambient temperature, formations with low pressure bearing capacities and extremely low fracture pressures, and low-density cement slurries that do not cure and develop strength for a long term in low temperature environment, et al. By optimizing an early-strength supplementary materials and supporting additives, a low temperature low density early strength cement slurry with density between 1.03 g/cm3 and 1.30 g/cm3 and suitable for cementing CBM wells was developed. Laboratory studies show that this cement slurry has good settling stability, a fluidity of 19-22 cm, a water bleeding ratio of 0%, a thickening time that is adjustable, and an API filter loss of less than 50 mL. After aging for 48 h at 4℃, the compressive strength of the set cement is at least 7.0 MPa. This cement slurry has been used for 12 well times, of all the cemented well sections, 93.03% met the well cementing quality requirement, 86.70% were cemented with excellent quality, and the job quality of cementing the shallower pay zones in winter was obviously improved.
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表 1 低密减轻材料优选
空心玻璃
微珠∶酚醛
树脂质量比ρ堆积/
g·cm-31.10 g/cm3水
泥浆加量/g耐压密度
（30℃，15 MPa，
20 min）/(g·cm-3)9∶1 0.36 100 0.02 8∶2 0.39 130 0.02 7∶3 0.41 180 0.01 6∶4 0.45 280 0.01 
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表 2 早强补充材料引入后的水泥浆稠化时间及抗压强度
G级油井水泥∶快硬高铁硫铝酸盐水泥 稠化时间
（30℃，15 MPa，
20 min）/min抗压强度（4℃，48 h）/MPa 0∶10 30 15.42 5∶5 93 9.68 3∶1 121 2.72
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表 4 分散剂加量对水泥浆流动性及流变性的影响
分散剂/% 流动度/cm n K 0 22.3 0.86 0.59 0.1 23.5 0.79 0.91 0.3 24.2 0.94 0.31 0.5 24.8 0.93 0.37
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表 5 缓凝剂加量对水泥浆初终凝时间的影响（30℃，15 MPa，20 min）
缓凝剂/% 初凝时间70 Bc/min 终凝时间100 Bc/min 0 82 118 0.1 133 162 0.2 236 268 0.3 361 384
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表 6 配方1＃～6＃的低温低密度早强水泥浆体系的基本性能
配方 ρ/
g·cm-3流动度/
cm析水率/
%FL/
mL沉降稳定性/
g·cm-3抗压强度(4℃ × 48 h)/
MPa稠化时间（30℃，15
MPa，20 min）/min1# 1.03 21.5 0 41 0 8.37 276 2# 1.09 21.2 0 37 0.01 9.23 296 3# 1.14 20.8 0 35 0 8.94 240 4# 1.16 21.0 0 33 0.01 10.93 270 5# 1.17 20.3 0 32 0.01 9.74 214 6# 1.23 19.8 0 29 0.01 12.24 185
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