Technology of Lost Circulation Prevention and Control in Deep Coalbed Methane Drilling in Eastern Ordos Basin
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摘要: 深层煤层气的勘探开发开辟了鄂尔多斯盆地新层系领域，保证了长庆油气当量的稳步增长，但由于目的层埋藏深，上部裸眼井段长，钻探开发难度大幅增加，主要表现为二开塌漏矛盾突出、二开Ф311.2 mm井眼一次堵漏成功率低、水平段煤层井壁失稳垮塌等技术难题，为此，通过井身结构优化实现塌漏分治、研发双套钻井液体系，保证井壁稳定、采用不起钻高效堵漏技术，提高堵漏时效，同时配套关键技术措施，形成一套适用于鄂尔多斯盆地东部深层煤层气防漏堵漏技术，现场应用10余口井，钻井周期降低36.5%，支撑了国内深层煤层气最长水平段2222 m的顺利施工，通过该技术的成功应用，助力我国深层煤层气的开发。Abstract: The exploration and development of deep coalbed methane have opened up a new field of developing resources in new formations in the Ordos Basin, ensuring the steady growth of the oil and gas equivalent of the Changqing oilfield. However, due to the deep burial of the target layers and the long open hole section of the upper part, the difficulty of drilling and development has increased significantly. It is mainly manifested in technical problems such as the prominent contradiction between borehole wall collapse and lost circulation in the second interval, the low success rate of lost circulation control in the first try in the second interval Ф311.2 mm borehole, and the instability and collapse of the coal-seam borehole walls in the horizontal section. To deal with these problems, the casing program was optimized, thereby separating the borehole wall collapse and lost circulation in different intervals. Two sets of drilling fluids were developed to ensure the stability of the wellbore. An efficient technology was adopted to improve the efficiency of lost circulation control without tripping drill strings out of hole. Meanwhile key technical measures were implemented, forming a set of lost circulation prevention and control technology suitable for deep coalbed methane development in the eastern part of the Ordos Basin. This technology has been applied on more than 10 wells, and the drilling time has been reduced by 36.5%. This technology has been used to successfully drill the longest horizontal section of 2,222 m, contributing to the deep coalbed methane development in China.
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Key words:
- Coalbed methane /
- Well profile /
- Lost circulation /
- Borehole wall stabilization
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图 5 可视化动态孔隙通过性评价
1.移动车；2.变速箱；3.泵体；4.电机；5.滤液回收管；6.支撑环；A（缝板、下密封盖）；9.封压盖；10.透明管；11.输入接头；12.减压装置；13.导压管；14.锁紧螺钉；15.进液管；16.压力显示装置；17.框架；18.排气阀；19.调节手轮；20.上密封盖；21.注液控制阀；22.泄流阀；23.储液箱；24.输出连接管；25.回流管；26.排液阀
表 1 阶梯式CQMY-1钻井液体系
配方 井斜/
（°）ρ/
g·cm−3PV/
mPa·sYP/
PaMBT/
g·L-1FLHTHP/
mL1# 30 1.15 20～25 6～8 10 2# 60 1.35 45～45 8～10 20～25 10～15 3# 85 1.45～1.60 50～55 15～18 20～25 6～8 注：井斜30°后根据性能加入水化膨润土浆。 
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表 2 高滤失材料GSS-1加量评价
GSS-1/
%全滤失时间/
s固化时间/
min固化强度/
MPa塌落度/
mm5 40 不固 10 45 不固 15 62 240 20 32 20 68 240 23 20 25 71 240 24 16 30 76 240 28 15 35 82 240 30 14 40 90 240 30 13 注：清水配制，滤失时间采用API失水仪，固化时间和固化强度采用抗压抗折一体机。
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表 3 刚性支撑材料JQ-2悬浮性评价
JQ-2/% ρ初始/（g·cm−3） △ρ/（g·cm−3） 5 1.08 0.01 10 1.09 0.02 15 1.12 0.03 20 1.13 0.04 25 1.14 0.04 注：基浆为清水+15%GSS-1，密度：1.07g/cm3，在透明500 mL量筒，静置30 min。
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表 4 缝板承压能力评价
配方 漏失空间 承压能力/
MPa滤失量/
mL清水+20%GSS-1+
15%JQ-21 mm缝板 8 210 2 mm缝板 250 2 mm缝板 320 4 mm缝板 400 5 mm缝板 540 6 mm缝板 580 注：配浆量1500 mL。
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表 5 可固化高固相复合结构塞体工作液通过性评价
配方 孔板模块/
mm是否
通过是否残留
堆积清水+15%GSS-1+15%JQ-2 34 是 否 清水+20%GSS-1+15%JQ-2 是 否 清水+25%GSS-1+15%JQ-2 是 否
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