陵水区块超深水高性能恒流变油基钻井液技术

刘智勤; 徐加放; 彭巍; 徐超; 于晓东

doi:10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2024.02.007

陵水区块超深水高性能恒流变油基钻井液技术

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2024.02.007

刘智勤^{1, 2,},
徐加放^1, ,,
彭巍²,
徐超²,
于晓东³

1.
中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院, 山东青岛 266580
2.
中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司, 广东湛江 524057
3.
中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司, 海口 570312

基金项目: 中海石油（中国）有限公司科研项目“海上精准控压钻井技术研究及工程示范”（YXKY-2021-HN-01）。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘智勤，高级工程师，中国石油大学（华东）石油与天然气工程专业在读博士研究生，主要从事海洋钻井完井技术研究与相关管理工作。E-mail：34374216@qq.com

通讯作者:
徐加放，教授、博士研究生导师，主要从事水合物开发与防治、钻井液研发及废弃物处理、井壁稳定、储层保护、分子模拟与微流控技术等研究工作。E-mail：xjiafang@upc.edu.cn。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-16
- 修回日期: 2023-12-29
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-02

A High Performance Constant Rheology Oil Based Drilling Fluid for Ultra Deep Water Drilling in Lingshui Block

LIU Zhiqin^{1, 2
,},
XU Jiafang^{1
, ,},
PENG Wei²,
XU Chao²,
YU Xiaodong³

1.
School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580
2.
CNOOC China Limited Zhanjiang Branch, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524057
3.
CNOOC China Limited Hainan Branch, Haikou, Hainan 570312

摘要

摘要: 超深水钻井不仅面临低温、井壁不稳定、地层安全作业压力窗口窄以及井眼清洁困难等问题，还对钻井液的性能提出了更高的要求。通过对乳化剂的分子结构进行设计，研制出一种同时具备乳化和流型调控作用的新型乳化剂KMUL，并以此为主要处理剂，构建了一套适用于南海西部陵水区块超深水工况的高性能恒流变油基钻井液，并对钻井液性能进行了评价。结果表明：该钻井液具有良好的恒流变特性，在温度为2～150 ℃、压力为0～56 MPa范围内的流变性能较为稳定；钻井液的抗污染能力较强，当岩屑和海水的加量为15%时，钻井液的综合性能比较稳定；钻井液的储层保护效果较好，岩心渗透率恢复值能达到92%以上；钻井液的生物毒性较低，具备良好的环境保护性能。LS-C超深水井的现场应用结果表明，不同井深的现场钻井液流变性能和破乳电压均比较稳定，钻井液当量循环密度始终维持在低位，施工过程顺利，井筒直径规整，未出现井下复杂情况。研究结果表明，该高性能恒流变油基钻井液满足陵水区块超深水钻井施工的需求。
- 超深水井 /
- 乳化剂 /
- 油基钻井液 /
- 恒流变 /
- ECD控制
Abstract: Low temperature, borehole wall instability, narrow safe drilling window as well as difficulty in cleaning borehole in ultra-deep water drilling impose tough requirements on the properties of drilling fluids. In dealing with these difficulties, a new emulsifier KMUL with both emulsification and flow pattern control effects has been developed based on molecular design of emulsifiers. Use KMUL as the major additive, a high performance constant rheology oil-based drilling fluid has been developed for use in ultra-deep water drilling in the Lingshui block in the west of the South China Sea. Laboratory evaluation of this drilling fluid shows that it has good constant rheology characteristics. The rheology of this drilling fluid is stable at temperatures between 2 ℃ and 150 ℃ and at pressures between 0 MPa and 56 MPa. The drilling fluid has strong ability to resist contamination; when cuttings and sea water content in the drilling fluid reaches 15%, the properties of the drilling fluid are still comparatively stable. In core test, the permeability recovery of cores flooded with this drilling fluid is at least 92%, indicating that it has good reservoir protection capability. The drilling fluid has low biotoxicity and is environmentally friendly. The use of this drilling fluid on the well LS-C drilled in ultra-deep waters shows that the rheology of the drilling fluid and the electric stability of the drilling fluid in different well depths are all stable, the ECD of the drilling fluid is all the way maintained at low level. The well was drilled smoothly, the borehole drilled was a gauge hole, and no downhole troubles have ever been encountered during drilling. It is concluded that the high performance constant rheology oil-based drilling fluid has satisfied the requirements of drilling the ultra-deep water Lingshui block.
- Ultra-deep water drilling /
- Emulsifier /
- Oil-based drilling fluid /
- Constant rheology /
- ECD control

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图 1 新型乳化剂KMUL的红外光谱图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 乳化剂加量优选实验结果

KMUL/ %	KSHIELD/ %	T_测试/ ℃	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	ES/ V
0.5	0.7	4	53.5	43	10.5	235
		30	39.5	34	5.5	270
		50	20.0	18	2.0	251
0.7	0.9	4	56.0	45	11.0	419
		30	41.0	35	6.0	450
		50	24.5	22	2.5	422
0.9	1.2	4	60.0	49	11.0	512
		30	45.5	36	9.5	530
		50	38.5	30	8.5	508
1.2	1.5	4	65.5	53	12.5	710
		30	51.5	40	11.5	760
		50	40.0	31	9.0	732

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 有机土加量优选实验结果

有机土/ %	T/ ℃	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
基浆	4	34.0	24	10.0	10/9
	30	28.0	19	9.0	9/8
	50	24.0	15	9.0	8/7
	70	18.0	10	8.0	6/5	253	2.6
1.0	4	39.0	31	8.0	10/9
	30	29.5	22	7.5	9/8
	50	25.5	18	7.5	8/7
	70	17.5	11	6.5	8/7	537	2.5
1.5	4	48.5	39	9.5	11/9
	30	40.5	31	9.5	11/9
	50	32.5	24	8.5	10/8
	70	21.0	13	8.0	11/10	653	2.5
2.0	4	63.0	52	11.0	12/10
	30	47.5	38	9.5	12/10
	50	39.5	31	8.5	12/10
	70	24.0	15	9.0	15/14	703	2.4
注：实验条件均为在50 ℃老化16 h后，FL_HTHP在120 ℃下测定。

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 降滤失剂优选实验结果

降滤失剂	降滤失剂/ %	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	FL_HTHP/ mL
基浆	0	47.5	38	9.5	2.4
KCWF1	1.0	50.5	40	10.5	2.4
	1.5	52.0	40	12.0	2.2
	2.0	58.0	44	14.5	2.0
KCWF2	1.0	53.0	42	11.0	2.3
	1.5	56.5	43	13.5	2.1
	2.0	60.5	45	15.5	1.8
KMOFIL	1.0	48.5	39	9.5	1.8
	1.5	49.5	39	10.5	1.5
	2.0	51.0	40	11.0	1.3
注：实验条件均为在50 ℃老化16 h后，测试温度为30 ℃，FL_HTHP在120 ℃下测定。

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表 4 钻井液体系在50 ℃下热滚不同时间后的性能

t_热滚/ h	T/ ℃	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	Gel/ Pa/Pa/Pa	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
16	4	39	11	11/9	6.0/7.0/8.5	780	1.8
	10	31	11	11/9
	20	24	10	10/8
	70	13	9.5	11/10
36	4	41	11	11/10	6.0/7.0/8.5	795	1.8
	10	32	10	11/10
	20	23	10	10/9
	70	13	10	11/10
72	4	46	10	10/9	6.5/7.5/8.5	865	1.8
	10	41	10	10/9
	20	33	10	10/9
	70	15	9.5	11/10
注：FL_HTHP在120 ℃测定，Gel的测定间隔为10 s、10 min和30 min。

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 高性能恒流变油基钻井液抗污染性能

污染物	加量/ %	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
岩屑	0	18	9	8/7	647	1.8
	5	15	9	9/8	636	2.0
	10	18	11	12/10	613	2.1
	15	20	13	14/12	602	2.7
海水	0	18	9	8/7	647	1.8
	5	23	11	10/8	613	2.2
	15	25	14	14/12	565	2.5
	20	27	16	16/14	533	2.9
注：钻井液老化条件为50 ℃、16 h，测定温度为30 ℃，FL_HTHP在120 ℃测定，岩屑取自陵水区块储层段。

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表 6 钻井液在不同温度压力下的流变性能

T/ ℃	P/ MPa	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃
2	0	59.2	46.2	13.0	18.5/17.3
20	0	50.9	33.1	17.8	23.5/22.1
20	28	64.9	45.2	19.7	24.8/24.1
40	0	39.6	23.8	15.8	21.2/20.1
	28	52.7	35.5	17.2	23.5/22.6
	42	60.6	42.7	17.9	25.1/23.2
60	0	30.0	15.5	14.5	20.1/19.3
	28	39.5	22.9	16.6	22.7/21.6
	42	45.3	28.0	17.3	24.1/23.3
90	0	24.1	9.3	14.8	23.6/22.7
	28	32.3	15.1	17.2	26.4/25.6
	42	35.4	17.1	18.3	28.3/27.5
	56	39.6	20.4	19.2	30.3/29.7
110	14	25.5	9.8	15.7	25.5/25.1
	28	28.3	11.4	16.9	27.1/26.3
	42	30.7	12.5	18.2	28.2/27.5
	56	34.1	14.8	19.3	30.2/29.1
130	14	22.9	7.8	15.1	24.2/23.1
	42	26.2	9.7	16.5	26.4/25.3
	56	28.9	11.2	17.7	27.5/26.4
150	14	18.6	4.4	14.2	19.7/17.7
150	56	26.5	9.5	17.0	20.1/18.4

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表 7 钻井液体系储层保护性能评价结果

岩心编号	K_o/mD	K_d/mD	K_d/K_o/%
1	37.63	34.75	92.34
2	28.23	26.12	92.52
3	19.52	17.98	92.13
4	8.93	8.24	92.27

下载: 导出CSV

表 8 不同深度对应的现场钻井液性能

井深/ m	T/ ℃	ρ/ g·cm⁻³	FV/ s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	Gel/ Pa/Pa	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL	油水比
3510	4	1.02	57	30	11	7/8	505	4.5	80∶20
	10			21	10
	20			19	10
	70			17	10
3690	4	1.02	66	31	12	8/9	523	3.9	77∶23
	10			22	11
	20			21	11
	70			18	11
3850	4	1.07	69	29	12	7/8	556	2.8	77∶23
	10			19	12
	20			18	11
	70			16	11

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表 9 LS-C井目的层钻进过程中ECD的变化情况

井深/ m	ρ/ g·cm⁻³	ECD/ g·cm⁻³	实际井筒直径/mm	标准井筒直径/mm
3450	1.02	1.06	313	311.15
3550	1.02	1.06	313
3650	1.02	1.06	313
3750	1.04	1.09	314
3850	1.07	1.11	314

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(15)

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陵水区块超深水高性能恒流变油基钻井液技术

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2024.02.007

作者简介:
刘智勤，高级工程师，中国石油大学（华东）石油与天然气工程专业在读博士研究生，主要从事海洋钻井完井技术研究与相关管理工作。E-mail：34374216@qq.com

通讯作者:
徐加放，教授、博士研究生导师，主要从事水合物开发与防治、钻井液研发及废弃物处理、井壁稳定、储层保护、分子模拟与微流控技术等研究工作。E-mail：xjiafang@upc.edu.cn。

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A High Performance Constant Rheology Oil Based Drilling Fluid for Ultra Deep Water Drilling in Lingshui Block

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目录

祝贺《钻井液与完井液》入选2023年版北大核心期刊！

留言板

陵水区块超深水高性能恒流变油基钻井液技术

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2024.02.007

作者简介: 刘智勤，高级工程师，中国石油大学（华东）石油与天然气工程专业在读博士研究生，主要从事海洋钻井完井技术研究与相关管理工作。E-mail：34374216@qq.com

通讯作者: 徐加放，教授、博士研究生导师，主要从事水合物开发与防治、钻井液研发及废弃物处理、井壁稳定、储层保护、分子模拟与微流控技术等研究工作。E-mail：xjiafang@upc.edu.cn。

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出版历程

A High Performance Constant Rheology Oil Based Drilling Fluid for Ultra Deep Water Drilling in Lingshui Block

计量

出版历程

目录

祝贺《钻井液与完井液》入选2023年版北大核心期刊！

作者简介:
刘智勤，高级工程师，中国石油大学（华东）石油与天然气工程专业在读博士研究生，主要从事海洋钻井完井技术研究与相关管理工作。E-mail：34374216@qq.com

通讯作者:
徐加放，教授、博士研究生导师，主要从事水合物开发与防治、钻井液研发及废弃物处理、井壁稳定、储层保护、分子模拟与微流控技术等研究工作。E-mail：xjiafang@upc.edu.cn。