Preparation and Affecting Effects of a Slow-Releasing Organic Microemulsified Acid Pipe-Freeing Agent
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摘要: 针对当前钻井用解卡剂存在反应速度过快，容易发生漏失，从而导致解卡失败的问题，优选表面活性剂和酸液类型及其配比，制备出有机缓释微乳酸解卡剂最优配方：AQAS∶NP=2∶1，正丁醇∶正辛醇 =1∶1，水相∶油相=23∶77，助表面活性剂∶表面活性剂=1∶3，乙酸∶氢氟酸=3∶1，体系为W/O型微乳酸，该配方酸液的包埋率为23%。在地层影响因素中，温度对其性能的影响显著，在高温高压下，酸液释放速度迅速增加；在钻井液处理剂因素中，加重剂、黏土和超细碳酸钙对微乳酸影响最大，微乳酸完全破乳，形成悬浊液。通过现场5口井试验发现，该解卡剂可解除黏附卡钻、沉砂卡钻和掉块卡钻多种类型卡钻事故，一次解卡成功率为100%。Abstract: Drilling pipe-freeing agents presently in use have some problems that need to be solved, for example, the reaction rate of the pipe-freeing agents is too high which is easy to result in loss of the spotting fluids into formations and thus failures of the pipe-freeing operation. A slow-releasing organic microemulsified acid pipe-freeing agent has been developed to deal with this problem. Surfactants and acids were carefully selected to prepare the pipe-freeing agent. The optimized composition of the pipe-freeing agent is as follows: AQAS∶NP = 2∶1, n-butanol∶n-octanol = 1∶1, water phase ∶oil phase = 23∶77, secondary surfactant∶primary surfactant = 1∶3, and acetic acid∶hydrogen fluoric acid = 3∶1. The pipe-freeing agent is a water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsified acid, and the embedding rate of this pipe-freeing agent is 23%. Formation factors remarkably affecting the performance of the pipe-freeing agent is temperature. At high pressure high temperature, the release rate of the acid is increasing. Drilling fluid factors greatly affecting the performance of the pipe-freeing agent include weighting agent, clay and ultra-fine calcium carbonate. The microemulsified acid can completely lose its emulsion stability and turn into a suspension by the weighting agent, clay and ultra-fine calcium carbonate used in the drilling fluid. Field application of this pipe-freeing agent on five wells has shown that it can be used to free stuck pipes of many types such as pressure-differential pipe sticking, pipe sticking by settling drilled cuttings and bridging etc., and the success rate of first try in freeing the stuck pipes is 100%.
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Key words:
- Slow-releasing organic /
- Microemulsified acid /
- Pipe-freeing agent /
- Performance /
- Affecting factor
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表 1 压力对有机缓释微乳酸解卡剂电导率和岩屑溶蚀率（6 h）的影响
P/
MPa电导率/
µs·cm−1溶蚀率/
%P/
MPa电导率/
µs·cm−1溶蚀率/
%0.1 1101 24.9 5 1007 29.5 1 896 26.2 7 1056 30.8 3 928 27.8 9 975 31.6 
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表 2 不同溶液对有机缓释微乳酸解卡剂岩屑溶蚀率的影响
NaCl/% 不同时间下的溶蚀率/% 1 h 2 h 3 h 4 h 0 19.9 21.9 24.2 26.2 2.5 29.6 31.4 33.6 35.8
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表 3 LV-PAC对有机缓释微乳酸解卡剂岩屑溶蚀率的影响
LV-PAC/
%不同时间下的溶蚀率/% 1 h 2 h 3 h 4 h 0 19.9 21.9 24.2 26.2 0.4 21.4 23.6 25.0 26.2
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