Formulation Design of Drilling Fluid Loss Control and Plugging Strategies in Deepwater Subsalt Reservoirs
-
摘要: 全球范围内的盐下油气资源十分丰富，其中巴西深水海域有着丰富的油气资源。Mero油田属于典型的深水盐下油气资源，位于巴西东南部海域桑托斯盆地，储层埋深>5000 m，上覆盐膏层150～3000 m，盐下储层主要为下白垩统BVE和ITP组碳酸盐岩。Mero油田的Mero3区块漏失情况最为严重，漏失总量达17 105 m3。通过地质资料和钻井资料分析了漏失的主要原因，包括断层和天然裂缝的发育、地层薄弱以及地层的强非均质性，这些因素共同导致了封堵层承压能力差，易发生反复漏失。本研究收集了Mero油田常用的堵漏材料，开展了粒度分布、摩擦系数、抗压能力、配伍性等性能评价实验，建立了堵漏材料性能参数数据库，并优选出了适用于深水盐下储层防漏堵漏作业的高性能堵漏材料。基于不同漏失速度根据高效架桥和致密填充的设计方法设计了三套防漏堵漏配方，并细化了防漏堵漏配方的应用流程。同时，提出了精细调控钻井工艺和坚持防漏堵漏结合的策略，在易漏地层加强井筒ECD的精细控制，降低井下正压差，减少诱导裂缝的产生。研究成果在Mero3区块NW8井现场堵漏施工中取得了显著效果，针对不同漏失速度的情况，均能够有效减缓漏失速度，为巴西Mero油田乃至其他类似盐下储层的油气开发提供有效的技术支持，促进安全、高效的油气资源开采。Abstract: Subsalt oil and gas resources are abundant worldwide, with significant reserves located in the deepwater offshore regions of Brazil. The Mero field is a typical example of deepwater subsalt oil and gas resources, located in the southeastern Santos Basin offshore Brazil. The reservoir depth exceeds 5000 meters, with an overlying salt gypsum layer ranging from 150 to 3000 meters. The subsalt reservoirs are primarily composed of Lower Cretaceous BVE and ITP carbonate rocks. The Mero3 block in the Mero field experiences the most severe lost circulation, with a total loss of 17,105 m3. Through geological and drilling data analysis, the main causes of lost circulation were identified, including the development of faults and natural fractures, weak formation layers, and the strong heterogeneity of the formation. These factors collectively result in poor pressure-bearing capacity of the sealing layer, leading to repeated lost circulation incidents. This study collected commonly used plugging materials in the Mero field and conducted performance evaluation experiments on particle size distribution, friction coefficient, compressive strength, and compatibility. A database of plugging material performance parameters was established, and high-performance plugging materials suitable for deepwater subsalt reservoir loss prevention and plugging operations were selected. Based on different loss rates, three loss prevention formulas were designed using efficient bridging and dense filling methods, and the application process for these formulas was refined. Furthermore, a strategy for fine-tuning drilling techniques and maintaining a combination of loss prevention and plugging was proposed. This strategy includes strengthening the precise control of the wellbore ECD in loss-prone formations, reducing downhole overpressure, and minimizing the occurrence of induced fractures. The research results achieved significant success in the field plugging operations at the NW8 well of the Mero3 block. In cases with varying loss rates, the plugging strategy effectively slowed down the loss rate. This provides valuable technical support for the oil and gas development of Brazil's Mero field and other similar subsalt reservoirs, promoting the safe and efficient extraction of oil and gas resources.
-
表 2 堵漏材料粒度分析结果
材料编号 D90/μm D 50/μm D 10/μm LCM-D1 4504.32 3884.16 3412.18 LCM-D2 3716.66 3330.27 2950.67 LCM-D3 4363.41 3384.59 182.15 LCM-D4 3223.02 2338.17 1915.56 LCM-D5 2149.92 1702.28 1420.45 LCM-E1 388.714 209.634 41.137 LCM-E2 219.350 49.009 6.689 LCM-F1 1348.690 570.433 48.578 LCM-F2 6043.26 3576.25 1940.85 
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 堵漏材料摩擦系数评价结果
材料名称 最大静
摩擦系数最大动
摩擦系数平均动
摩擦系数摩擦系数
级别LCM-D1 1.02 1.40 1.15 中等偏高 LCM-D2 1.16 1.42 1.13 中等偏高 LCM-D3 1.34 2.01 1.23 中等偏高 LCM-D4 2.64 2.77 1.47 高 LCM-D5 2.36 2.39 1.51 高 LCM-E1 0.97 1.20 0.95 中等 LCM-E2 1.94 1.94 1.38 中等偏高 LCM-F1 1.31 1.45 1.20 中等偏高 LCM-F2 0.78 0.85 0.72 中等偏低 LCM-G1 0.94 0.98 0.85 中等 LCM-G2 0.91 0.97 0.89 中等 LCM-G3 1.00 1.01 0.92 中等
下载: 导出CSV
表 6 堵漏材料抗压能力评价结果
材料名称 D90降级率/% 抗压能力级别 LCM-D1 −5.31 中等偏高 LCM-D2 −1.32 高 LCM-D3 4.14 高 LCM-D4 28.75 中等偏低 LCM-D5 21.33 中等偏低 LCM-F1 17.04 中等 LCM-F2 12.34 中等
下载: 导出CSV
表 7 堵漏材料配伍性评价标准
SF SF≤0.51 0.51<SF≤0.52 0.52<SF≤0.53 0.53<SF≤0.54 SF>0.54 配伍性 好 中等偏好 中等 中等偏差 差
下载: 导出CSV
表 8 堵漏材料配伍性评价实验结果
材料 静置不同时间后的静态沉降因子 配伍性级别 1 h 2 h 4 h 8 h LCM-D1 0.5277 0.5299 0.5309 0.5342 中等偏差 LCM-D2 0.5261 0.5260 0.5293 0.5299 中等 LCM-D3 0.5174 0.5167 0.5173 0.5201 中等 LCM-D4 0.5246 0.5251 0.5256 0.5274 中等 LCM-D5 0.5387 0.5397 0.5422 0.5412 差 LCM-E1 0.5267 0.5291 0.5299 0.5302 中等偏差 LCM-E2 0.5061 0.5047 0.5060 0.5078 好 LCM-F1 0.5079 0.5088 0.5123 0.5151 中等偏好 LCM-F2 0.5097 0.5255 0.5261 0.5261 中等
下载: 导出CSV
表 10 纤维类堵漏材料分散能力评价结果
材料 不同质量加量在蒸馏水中
分散系数/%1.0%质量加量在不同浓度CMC中
分散系数/%分散能力级别 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% LCM-G1 92.86 95.71 98.57 95.71 100 100 高 LCM-G2 10.00 18.57 24.29 18.57 24.29 77.14 中等偏高 LCM-G3 7.14 8.57 17.14 8.57 25.71 31.43 中等偏低
下载: 导出CSV
表 12 酸溶率测试实验结果
材料 酸溶率/% 酸溶级别 土酸 盐酸 LCM-D1 86.41 90.14 高 LCM-D2 82.21 87.35 高 LCM-D3 8.65 18.11 低 LCM-D4 100 100 高 LCM-D5 100 100 高 LCM-E1 44.91 65.27 中等偏高 LCM-E2 43.39 62.34 中等偏高 LCM-F1 55.84 73.74 中等偏高 LCM-F2 16.76 26.53 中等偏低 LCM-G1 2.52 7.23 低 LCM-G2 67.09 79.31 中等偏高 LCM-G3 26.71 41.3 中等
下载: 导出CSV
表 13 堵漏材料性能参数数据库
材料名称 D90/μm 摩擦系数 抗压能力 配伍性 分散能力 酸溶率 LCM-D1 4504.32 中等偏高 中等偏高 中等偏差 -- 高 LCM-D2 3716.66 中等偏高 高 中等 -- 高 LCM-D3 4363.41 中等偏高 高 中等 -- 低 LCM-D4 3223.02 高 中等偏低 中等 -- 高 LCM-D5 2149.92 高 中等偏低 差 -- 高 LCM-E1 388.714 中等 -- 中等偏差 -- 中等偏高 LCM-E2 219.350 中等偏高 -- 好 -- 中等偏高 LCM-F1 1348.690 中等偏高 中等 中等偏好 -- 中等偏高 LCM-F2 6043.26 中等偏低 中等 中等 -- 中等偏低 LCM-G1 -- 中等 -- -- 高 低 LCM-G2 -- 中等 -- -- 中等偏高 中等偏高 LCM-G3 -- 中等 -- -- 中等偏低 中等
下载: 导出CSV
表 14 堵漏浆设计结果
配方 堵漏浆配方 承压能力/MPa 1# 基浆+4 % LCM-D5 + 2.5 % LCM-F1+ 2 % LCM-E2 + 0.6 % LCM-G2 12.24 2# 基浆+5 % LCM-D4 + 3 % LCM-F1 + 3 % LCM-E2 + 0.6 % LCM-G2 10.33 3# 基浆+2 % LCM-D1+5 % LCM-D5+3 % LCM-F1 +3 % LCM-E2+0.6 % LCM-G2 10.45
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] CHRISTOPHER J M, EUGENE R B. Postrift sequence stratigraphy paleogeography and fill history of the deep-water Santos Basin offshore southeast Brazil(Article)[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2004, 88(7):923-945. doi: 10.1306/01220403043 [2] GOMESA J P, BUNEVICHB R B, TEDESCHIB L R, et al. Facies classification and patterns of lacustrine carbonate deposition of the Barra Velha Formation, Santos Basin, Brazilian Pre-salt[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2020, 113:104176. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.104176 [3] 蒋德鑫, 张厚和, 李春荣, 等. 全球深水-超深水油气勘探历程与发展趋势[J]. 海洋地质前沿,2022,38(10):1-12.JIANG Dexin, ZHANG Houhe, LI Chunrong, et al. Global deep- and ultra-deep-water oil and gas exploration: review and outlook[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2022, 38(10):1-12. [4] Warren JK. Evaporites: sediments, resources and hydrocarbons[M]. Berlin: Springer, 2006. [5] 黄文松, 徐芳, 刘成彬, 等. 深水盐下湖相碳酸盐岩缝洞地震预测 ——以巴西桑托斯盆地F油田为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质,2022,43(2):445-455,488.HUANG Wensong, XU Fang, LIU Chengbin, et al. Seismic prediction of fractures and vugs in deep-water sub-salt lacustrine carbonates: taking F oilfield in Santos Basin, Brazil as an example[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(2):445-455,488. [6] 何文渊, 史卜庆, 范国章, 等. 巴西桑托斯盆地深水大油田勘探实践与理论技术进展[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2023,50(2):227-237. doi: 10.11698/PED.20220776HE Wenyuan, SHI Buqing, FAN Guozhang, et al. Theoretical and technical progress in exploration practice of the deep-water large oil fields, Santos Basin, Brazil[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2023, 50(2):227-237. doi: 10.11698/PED.20220776 [7] 何保生, 张钦岳. 巴西深水盐下钻完井配套技术与降本增效措施[J]. 中国海上油气,2017,29(5):96-101. doi: 10.11935/j.issn.16731506.2017.05.013HE Baosheng, ZHANG Qinyue. Drilling and completion matching technologies and measures for cost reduction in Brazil deep water pre-salt oilfield[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2017, 29(5):96-101. doi: 10.11935/j.issn.16731506.2017.05.013 [8] 何文渊, 黄先雄, 王红平, 等. 南美桑托斯盆地深水区古拉绍-1井油气勘探发现及意义[J]. 石油学报,2024,45(2):339-347. doi: 10.1038/s41401-023-01175-7HE Wenyuan, HUANG Xianxiong, WANG Hongping, et al. Hydrocarbon discovery and its significance of Well Gulashao-1 in deep water area of Santos Basin, South America[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(2):339-347. doi: 10.1038/s41401-023-01175-7 [9] 赵德. 墨西哥湾深水盐下复杂地层钻井技术研究及应用[J]. 中国新技术新产品,2022(2):133-135. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9957.2022.02.041ZHAO De. Research and application of drilling technology in complex subsalt formations in deepwater in the Gulf of Mexico[J]. China New Technology and New Products, 2022(2):133-135. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9957.2022.02.041 [10] 何保生, 张钦岳, 冷雪霜. 墨西哥超深水盐下钻井技术及实践[J]. 中国海上油气,2021,33(6):101-109.HE Baosheng, ZHANG Qinyue, LENG Xueshuang. Ultra deepwater pre-salt drilling technologies and their practices in Mexico[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2021, 33(6):101-109. [11] 吕开河, 王晨烨, 雷少飞, 等. 裂缝性地层钻井液漏失规律及堵漏对策[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2022,46(2):85-93.LYU Kaihe, WANG Chenye, LEI Shaofei, et al. Dynamic behavior and mitigation methods for drilling fluid loss in fractured formations[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2022, 46(2):85-93. [12] 康毅力, 王凯成, 许成元, 等. 深井超深井钻井堵漏材料高温老化性能评价[J]. 石油学报,2019,40(2):215-223.KANG Yili, WANG Kaicheng, XU Chengyuan, et al. High-temperature aging property evaluation of lost circulation materials in deep and ultra-deep well drilling[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(2):215-223. [13] XU C Y, YANG X L, LIU C, et al. Dynamic fracture width prediction for lost circulation control and formation damage prevention in ultra-deep fractured tight reservoir[J]. Fuel, 2022, 307:121770. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121770 [14] 张金波, 鄢捷年. 钻井液中暂堵剂颗粒尺寸分布优选的新理论和新方法[J]. 石油学报,2004,25(6):88-91,95. doi: 10.7623/syxb200406018ZHANG Jinbo, YAN Jienian. New theory and method for optimizing the particle size distribution of bridging agents in drilling fluids[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2004, 25(6):88-91,95. doi: 10.7623/syxb200406018 [15] 许成元, 张洪琳, 康毅力, 等. 深层裂缝性储层物理类堵漏材料定量评价优选方法[J]. 天然气工业,2021,41(12):99-109. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.12.011XU Chengyuan, ZHANG Honglin, KANG Yili, et al. Quantitative evaluation and selection method of physical plugging materials in deep fractured reservoirs[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2021, 41(12):99-109. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.12.011 [16] 许成元, 阳洋, 蒲时, 等. 基于高效架桥和致密填充的深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方设计方法研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发,2022,12(3):534-544.XU Chengyuan, YANG Yang, PU Shi, et al. Design method of plugging formula for deep naturally fractured reservoir based on efficient bridging and compact filling[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(3):534-544. -
点击查看大图
图(11) / 表(14)
计量
- 文章访问数: 18
- HTML全文浏览量: 18
- PDF下载量: 3
- 被引次数: 0
