页岩气藏地层井壁水化失稳机理与抑制方法

摘要: 页岩气井水平井段井壁失稳是目前中国页岩气资源勘探开发的关键技术难题。通过云南昭通108区块龙马溪组页岩的X-射线衍射分析、扫描电镜（SEM）观察、力学特性分析、润湿性、膨胀率及回收率等实验，研究了其矿物组成、微观组构特征、表面性能、膨胀和分散特性，揭示了云南昭通108区块龙马溪组页岩地层井壁水化失稳机理。该地层黏土矿物以伊利石为主要组分，不含蒙脱石及伊蒙混层，表面水化是引起页岩地层井壁失稳的主要原因。基于热力学第二定律，利用降低页岩表面自由能以抑制页岩表面水化的原理，建立了通过多碳醇吸附作用改变页岩润湿性，有效降低其表面自由能、抑制表面水化，进而显著抑制页岩水化膨胀和分散的稳定井壁方法。
- 页岩气井 /
- 井壁稳定 /
- 表面水化 /
- 表面自由能 /
- 多碳醇 /
- 水基钻井液
Abstract: Borehole wall instability in shale gas horizontal drilling is critical to the success of shale gas development in China. Shale samples taken from the Longmaxi formation in the Block 108 in Zhaotong, Yunnan, were studied for their mineral components, micro structures and textures, surface characteristics, swelling and dispersion performances through XRD, SEM, mechanics and wettability analyses, rate of swelling and percent recovery of shale cuttings through hot rolling test. The mechanism governing the collapse of the shale formation studied has been disclosed. This formation, mainly composed of illites, has no montmorillonite and I/S mixed layers, and surface hydration is the main cause for the shale formations to lose their stability. Based on the second law of thermodynamics, a decrease in shale's surface free energy will inhibits the surface hydration of shale. In laboratory studies, long chain alcohols were used to change the wettability of the shales through surface adsorption, thus effectively decreased the surface free energy and inhibited the surface hydration of the shales, and the formation can be stabilized.
- Shale gas /
- Borehole wall stabilization /
- Surface hydration /
- Surface free energy /
- Long chain alcohol /

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