Volume 42 Issue 1
Feb.  2025
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Article Navigation >  DRILLING FLUID & COMPLETION FLUID  > 2025  >  42(1): 117-126
LI Yuchi, LUO Mingliang, ZHAN Yongping, et al.Study on rheology and reaction kinetics of low corrosion self-heating gelling fracturing fluids[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid，2025, 42（1）：117-126 doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2025.01.013
Citation: LI Yuchi, LUO Mingliang, ZHAN Yongping, et al.Study on rheology and reaction kinetics of low corrosion self-heating gelling fracturing fluids[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid，2025, 42（1）：117-126 doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2025.01.013
shu

Study on Rheology and Reaction Kinetics of Low Corrosion Self-Heating Gelling Fracturing Fluids

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2025.01.013
  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong 266580)

  • 2.

    School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao , Shandong 266580

  • 3.

    Material Management and Distribution Center,Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Branch, Dongying, Shandong 257051

  • Received Date: 2024-08-04
  • Rev Recd Date: 2024-09-23
  • Publish Date: 2025-02-01
    Abstract
  • In heavy oil reservoir fracturing, the fracturing fluid, after entering into the reservoir, causes the reservoir temperature to decrease and the viscosity of the crude oils around the fractures to increase to even block the pore throats of the formation. To deal with this problem, a low corrosion self-heating gelling fracturing fluid has been formulated through solution blending method using urea, sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride as heat generation materials, hydrochloric acid as catalyst, the high temperature salt-resistant copolymer FS-1 as viscosifier and organic zirconium as crosslinking agent. In laboratory experiment, the heat generation and gas production properties, rheology and corrosion resistant performance of the fracturing fluid were evaluated, the constituents of the gas produced were identified, the effects of different factors on the rate of heat generation reaction were investigated, and the kinetic parameters of the heat generation reaction were understood. It was found that the self-heating generation system has good heat generation and gas production properties. The higher the concentrations of the reactants, the concentration of the acid catalyst and the initial temperature, the higher the amount of gas produced, and the shorter the time required to reach the highest temperature; on the other hand, the amount of gas is slightly decreasing with an increase in the initial temperature. In the reactant system, the existence of ammonium chloride remarkably reduces the concentration of chloric acid, this not only reduces the rate of corrosion of the fracturing fluid to the pipes for fracturing, but also is beneficial to the gelling of the fracturing fluid. The reaction produces large amount of CO2 and N2 as well as heat. Gelling of the fracturing fluid to some extent weakens the heat generation and gas production properties of the heat generation agents. The gelling fracturing fluid, after shearing at 60℃ and 170 s-1 for 90 min, has viscosity of greater than 50 mPa·s. The reaction order m and n, the activation energy ΔE and the preexponential factor A of the reaction are 2.76, 1.69, 49.54 kJ/mol and 6.82 × 102, respectively. Compared with the self-heating system, the reaction rate of the self-heating gelling fracturing fluid system is greatly reduced. The process parameters of this reaction can be predicted using reaction kinetic equation and adjusted. This study has provided a base for the optimization and design of self-heating fracturing fluids.

     

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