Development of and Study on an Anti-sloughing Plugging Agent Used in Drilling Fluids to Strengthen Coal Beds
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摘要: 针对煤层脆性较强、割理微裂缝发育，容易发生井壁垮塌的风险问题，以亲水单体和亲油单体相组合采用水包油乳液聚合合成出了乳液型的防塌封堵剂。对该乳液型防塌封堵剂进行了机理分析、基本性能和钻井液体系研究。结果表明，乳液型防塌封堵剂分散体系大部分粒度在0.1～1.5 μm之间，与煤层的微裂缝相匹配，可进行有效封堵，该处理剂可以使煤层表面趋向于油润湿，并大幅度减少煤样在水中的分散性能；在膨润土浆中，乳液型防塌封堵剂可以降低API滤失量，提高封堵性能，浸泡该处理剂后的煤样可以增强抗压性能；加有该防塌封堵剂的钻井液表现出良好的流变和降滤失性能，对煤层的伤害较低，水测渗透率恢复值可达95.4%。在SX-2**井煤系地层795.00～1 088.00 m采用该防塌封堵剂钻井液，不仅实现了顺利钻进，同时完成了取心作业，岩煤心收获率达到96.51%，基本保持煤层岩石的完整性。Abstract: To avoiding borehole wall collapse drilling in brittle coal beds full of micro fractures, an emulsion anti-sloughing plugging agent has been developed with hydrophilic monomers and hydrophobic monomers through O/W emulsion polymerization. Laboratory studies showed that the dispersion of the anti-sloughing plugging agent has particle sizes ranging in 0.1-1.5 μm, which match the sizes of micro fractures developed in the coal beds, meaning that the micro fractures can be effectively plugged with the plugging agent. This plugging agent can render the surface of coal beds oil-wettability and thus greatly mitigates the dispersion of coals in water. In bentonite slurry, the plugging agent can reduce API flter loss, thereby enhancing the plugging performance of the bentonite slurry. Coal samples rinsed in the solution of the plugging agent had their compressive strength increased. Drilling fluids treated with the anti-sloughing plugging agent have good rheology and fltration property, and cause low damage to coal beds. Percent recovery of permeability of coal samples tested with water can be as high as 95.4%. A drilling fluid treated with the anti-sloughing plugging agent was used on the well SX-2** to drill the coal bed formations from 795.00 m to 1088.00 m. The drilling operation and coring job was successful. Percent recovery of cores taken from the coal section was 96.51%, and the integrity of the coal formations was maintained pretty well.
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