Study and Application of Slim Hole Cementing Technology for Ultra-deep Well Mashen-1
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摘要: 马深1井完钻井深为8 418 m，完井下入φ146.1 mm尾管封固气层。井下高温高压、环空间隙小、顶替效率低、安全窗口狭窄、U型管效应严重等问题突出。针对以上难点，运用动态承压实验能更准确地模拟固井井筒压力变化，防止井漏；入井流体呈现密度级差及流变级差，利于提高顶替效率；三级冲洗前置液体系抗污染能力强，冲洗效果好；通过优选抗高温水泥添加剂研发了抗高温胶乳防气窜水泥浆体系，其在高温下稳定性好，防气窜能力强，水泥石具有良好的抗压强度及弹韧性；变排量施工及有效层流驱替技术减弱了U型管效应，能够防漏并保证顶替效率。该体系缓凝剂BS200-G、BS200R加量为0.7%和3%，稠化时间易调且不易受密度、温度影响；胶乳JR加量优选为12%，领浆、尾浆呈直角稠化，SPN值为0.9、0.5，静胶凝强度过渡时间为28、22 min，同时浆体还具有较高的流动度和较好的流变性。加入50%石英砂后减弱了高温对水泥石强度的影响，且后期发展呈现良好的趋势。添加1%塑性剂BS600的水泥石弹性模量与常规水泥石相比下降53.13%，塑性明显增强。实验说明，该体系耐高温性强、流变性好、防窜能力强、水泥石力学性能优良。通过应用抗高温胶乳防气窜水泥浆体系并配套以上技术措施，该井施工顺利，固井质量优质。Abstract: The Well Mashen-1 is the deepest well found in Asia, the gas zone of which has been sealed with 146.1 mm liner string. Difficulties encountered during drilling included HTHP, small annular clearance, low displacing efficiency, narrow drilling window, and severe U-tube effect. In combating these problems, it was considered that dynamic pressure-bearing experiment was able to more accurately simulate the borehole pressure change during well cementing, thereby helping prevent mud losses. Fluids entering the borehole with density grading and rheology grading were beneficial to increasing displacing efficiency. Three-stage flushing prepad had strong resistance to contamination and better flushing performance. A high temperature anti-channeling latex cement slurry was developed based on the optimized high temperature cementing additives. It had good high temperature stability and strong antichanneling ability. The set cement had high compressive strength and good elasticity and toughness. The U-tube effect can be mitigated with varied flowrates and effective laminar flow displacing, in this way the lost circulation during well cementing was avoided and the displacing efficiency ensured. By adding 0.7%BS200-G and 3%BS200R (retarders) in the cementing slurry, the thickening time became adjustable and was not vulnerable to the effects of density and temperature anymore. JR, a latex, was added at percentage of 12%, and the lead slurry and tail slurry had right-angle thickening characteristics, with values of 0.9 and 0.5, respectively. The gel strengths of the cement slurry had transit time of 28 min and 22 min, respectively. The cement slurry also had high mobility and good rheology. After adding 50% quartz sand, the effect of high temperature on the strength of set cement became weakened, and the strength of the set cement showed good late-stage development. Adding 1% BS6000, a plasticizer into the cement slurry, the set cement had elastic modulus 53.13% lower than that of conventional cement slurries, indicating that the cement slurry had good plasticity. The experimental results showed that the cement slurry had good high temperature stability, good rheology, strong anti-channeling ability, and excellent mechanical performance when set. The Well Mashen-1 was successfully cemented with high cementing job with the high temperature anti-channeling latex cement slurry and the technology discussed above.
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Key words:
- Ultra-deep well /
- High temperature high pressure /
- Displacing efficiency /
- Fluid performance /
- Latex
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