Inhibitive Drilling Fluid Technology Used in High Dipping High Pressure Drilling in Block D, Myanmar
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摘要: 缅甸D区块地层属高陡高压地层、断层多，地层水敏性强且裂缝发育，钻井过程中多井发生井壁坍塌，其中，P-1-1井最具代表性，该井由于井塌造成的卡钻高达32次，井径扩大率达100%。使用常规的KCl聚合物钻井液体系及套管封隔技术等均不能解决井塌难题。为此，通过室内实验研究，优选出以微米级乳化沥青为防塌剂、以KCl和聚合醇为主抑制剂、以聚阴离子纤维素为降滤失剂、以磺化聚合物为高温稳定剂的微米乳液防塌钻井液体系。该体系与优化前的钻井液相比，页岩膨胀率降低15%，页岩回收率提高50%。结合提高钻井液密度，优化钻井液流变性能，降低钻井液API滤失量等配套技术措施，在D区块现场应用取得了较好的防塌效果，易塌井段井径扩大率由100%降低到20%，钻井时效提高了35%，钻井成本降低20%。该套钻井液技术解决了缅甸D区块高陡构造、高压地层井壁坍塌问题。Abstract: The formations penetrated during drilling in the Block D in Myanmar are characteristic of high dipping, multiple fault zones, high formation pressures, water sensitive shales and developed fractures. Borehole wall collapse, hole washout (100%) and pipe sticking caused by borehole wall collapse (32 times in a single well) have been the problems frequently encountered during drilling and unlikely to be solved by conventional KCl polymer drilling fluid and protecting the borehole wall by multiple casing strings. The conventional KCl drilling fluid has thus been modified through laboratory experiment. In the new drilling fluid, an optimized emulsified asphaltene with particle sizes in micrometers is used as an additive for borehole wall collapse controller, KCl and poly glycol as main shale inhibitors, PAC as filter loss reducer, and sulfonated polymer as high temperature stabilizer. Compared with the previously used KCl polymer drilling fluid, the rate of swelling of shale cutting sample tested with the new mud has been reduced by 15%, and the recovery of shale cuttings on hot rolling test increased by 50%. Good performance of the new mud in controlling borehole wall collapse has been obtained, together with other measures such as increasing mud weight, optimizing the properties of drilling fluid, and reducing API filter loss. With the new mud, the rate of bore hole washout has been reduced from 100% to 20%, the drilling time saved by 20%, the time efficiency of well drilling increased by 35%. This new drilling fluid technology has effectively solved the borehole wall collapse frequently encountered in wells drilled in Block D, where high dipping and high pressure were of great concern.
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