Development and Evaluation of a New High Temperature Filter Loss Reducer Used in Oil Base Drilling Fluid
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摘要: 通过二乙烯三胺对腐植酸进行酰亚胺化交联反应,再利用十八烷基三甲基氯化铵对其进行亲油改性,制备了抗温达220℃的油基降滤失剂DR-FLCA。借助红外光谱、扫描电镜和热重分析,表征了降滤失剂DR-FLCA的分子结构、微观形貌和热稳定性,并通过实验评价了降滤失剂DR-FLCA对抗高温高密度油基钻井液流变性、电稳定性和高温高压滤失性能的影响。结果表明:降滤失剂DR-FLCA分子结构上有具有乳化功能的酰亚胺基、酚羟基和醇羟基等基团以及亲油长链铵,该降滤失剂微观结构为质地疏松的纤薄层片状聚集体颗粒,热分解温度为248℃。加有降滤失剂DR-FLCA的密度为2.4 g/cm3的油基钻井液在220℃老化16 h后高温高压滤失量仅为8.6 mL,破乳电压高达1154 V,塑性黏度为69 mPa·s,动切力为7 Pa,证明该降滤失剂在抗高温高密度油基钻井液中具有良好的降滤失性能、辅助乳化性能和降黏作用,高温高压降滤失性能(200℃)略优于贝克休斯和哈里伯顿降滤失剂产品(高温高压滤失量分别为5.4、8.2、6.5 mL),泥饼更薄、更坚韧,且对比体系老化后电稳定性均有不同程度的降低。Abstract: An oil base mud filter loss reducer, DR-FLCA(functions at 220℃), was developed through imidization of humic acid by diethylenetriamine followed by hydrophobic modification by octadecyl tri-methyl ammonium chloride. The molecular structure, micromorphology and thermo-stability of DR-FLCA was characterized using IR spectroscopy, SEM and thermogravimetric analysis, and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of DR-FLCA on the rheology, electrical stability and HTHP filtration of high temperature high density oil base drilling fluid. DR-FLCA retains emulsifying capacity because of the imide group, phenolic hydroxyl group and alcoholic hydroxyl group on the molecular chains of DR-FLCA, and the long chain organic ammonium on the molecule chain. The micromorphology of this filter loss reducer is an aggregate of loose thin layers. DR-FLCA decomposes at 248℃. A 2.4 g/cm3 oil base drilling fluid treated with DR-FLCA, after aging at 220℃ for 16 hours, have the following properties:filter loss 8.6 mL, electrical stability 1,154 V, plastic viscosity 69 mPa·s, and yield point 7 Pa, demonstrating better filtration, (secondary) emulsifying, thinning and HTHP (200℃) filtration performances than Baker Hughes' and Halliburton's corresponding products(HTHP filtration are 5.4,8.2 and 6.5 mL), the electrical stability of which also decreases after aging, but the quality of mud cake is slightly poorer than Baker Hughes' and Halliburton's corresponding products.
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