Technical Progress of Deep Water Drilling Fluids in China and Abroad
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摘要: 深水井钻井作业过程中钻井液面临低温糊筛跑浆、大尺寸井眼携岩、天然气水合物、泥页岩地层的水化分散、窄密度窗口的防漏堵漏等难题,因此提出了相应的解决措施和技术手段。同时,归纳了国内外近年来深水水基钻井液技术和合成基钻井液新技术的发展及体系在现场的应用情况。介绍了国外深水恒流变体系的新进展,该体系主要由乳化润湿剂,少量有机土配合聚合物增黏剂,以及流型调节剂组成。英国BP公司对恒流变合成基钻井液体系从4个性能参数上给予了界定,包括4.4℃,49℃下塑性黏度和动切力的比值,初切(10 s)和终切(10 min)以及10 min和30 min切力的比值,为恒流变体系的设计提供一定的指导。Abstract: In deep water drilling, low temperature always causes increased mud viscosity which in turn leads to loss of mud over shale shakers.Other difficultiessuch as cuttings carrying in large-size holes, formation of gas hydrate, hydration and dispersion of shales, and lost circulation in narrow density windows sections of a well etc.are not uncommon, Solutions to these problems are presented in this paper.Also in this paper, the progress made in water base drilling fluids and synthetic base drilling fluids used in deep water drilling are summarized.Constant rheology drilling fluid for deep water drilling has recently made remarkable progresses.This drilling fluid is composed of emulsifiers, wetting agents, organophilic clay, polymer viscosifiers, and flow pattern modifiers.BP Company is the first company defining constant rheology drilling fluid with 4 parameters, which are PV/YP ratios at 4.5℃ and 49℃, the ratio of initial(10 s) gel strength and final(10 min) gel strength, and the ratio of the 10 min gel strength and the 30 min gel strength, BP's work provides guidance to the design of constant rheology drilling fluid.
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