Application of Microtox Biological Toxicity Testing Technique in Drilling Fluid Analysis
-
摘要: 介绍了Microtox生物毒性测试技术的测试仪器、原理和测试方法。以费希尔狐菌作为受试菌种,测试了部分水基钻井液处理剂和钻井液体系的EC50值,并基于Microtox生物毒性测试技术,提出一种钻井液生物毒性现场快速监测技术。实验结果表明,淀粉、XC、多元醇及天然高分子类钻井液无毒,磺化酚醛树脂、褐煤、沥青、铁铬盐及三磺钻井液生物毒性EC50值远低于国家标准值30000 mg/L,AMPS类多元共聚物及高温合成聚合物钻井液无毒。Microtox生物毒性测试技术为海洋钻井液排放提供了2种毒性检测手段,分别为定性判别和定量测试,同时为环保型钻井液研发提供了评价方法。Abstract: This paper introduces the testing instrumentation, principles and testing method of Microtox, a biological toxicity testing technique. The EC50 values of some mud additives and drilling fluid formulations were tested using the Vibrio fischeri as the testing bacteria. An onsite fast testing method was presented using Microtox technique. Laboratory experiments showed that drilling starch, XC, polyhydric alcohols, as well as natural high molecular weight polymers are nontoxic. Sulfonated phenolic, lignite, asphaltene, FCLS and the so-called tri-sulfonates drilling fluids have EC50 values that are far less than the national standard of 30,000 mg/L. AMPS copolymers and synthesized high temperature polymer drilling fluids are nontoxic. Microtox technique provides two toxicity test methods for discharged drilling fluid in offshore drilling, a qualitative method and a quantitative method. Meanwhile this method can be used as a means of evaluating environmentally friendly drilling fluid.
-
Key words:
- Water base drilling fluid /
- Biological toxicity /
- Microtox /
- Discharge /
- Onsite monitoring
-
马梅. 新的生物毒性测试方法及其在水生态毒理研究中的应用[D]. 中国科学院研究生院(生态环境研究中心), 2002. Ma Mei. Development and application of new bioassay methods in aquatic ecotoxicology[D]. Chinese Academy of Sciences (Reasearch Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences), 2002. 李翔. 费氏弧菌生物发光在水质毒性检测上的应用研究[D]. 华南理工大学, 2012. Li Xiang. Applied research of vibrio fischeri luminescence on water toxicity testing[D]. South China University of Technology, 2012. 朱丽娜. 基于发光细菌法的水质综合毒性研究[D]. 中央民族大学, 2012. Zhu Lina. Reasearch based on the luminescent bacteria method of water quality comprehensive toxicity[D]. Minzu University of China, 2012. 刘秀. 饮用水生物毒性分析及控制技术研究[D]. 吉林大学, 2011. Liu Xiu. Research on biotoxicity analysis and control technology of drinking water[D]. Jilin University, 2011. Hoskin S J, Strohl A W. On-site monitoring of drilling fluids toxicity[C]. SPE 26005, 1993. Whale G F. Potential applications of the microtox toxicity test within the offshore oil and gas industry[C]. SPE 27176, 1994. Nayef Z Al-Mutairi, Majed S Al-Mutairi. Monitoring bioremediation in oil contaminated soils using toxicity analysis[C].SPE 111578,2008. 张妍,周守菊,马云谦,等. 钻井液组分及体系生物毒性测试方法研究[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2009,37(1):18-22. Zhang Yan,Zhou Shouju,Ma Yunqian,et al.Bio-toxicity determination of drilling fluid components[J]. Drilling Petroleum Techniques, 2009,37(1):18-22. 许毓, 邓皓, 孟国维,等. 钻井液环保性能评价与分析方法研究[J]. 油气田环境保护, 2007,17(1):43-46. Xu Yu,Deng Hao,Meng Guowei,et al.Discussion on assessment and analytical method of environmental protective performance for drilling fluid[J]. Environmental Protection of Oil & Gas Fields, 2007,17(1):43-46. 李秀珍, 李斌莲, 范俊欣,等. 油田化学剂和钻井液生物毒性检测新方法及毒性分级标准研究[J]. 钻井液与完井液, 2004,21(6):44-46. Li Xiuzhen, Li Binlian, Fan Junxin, et al.A new testing method of biotoxicity and toxicity grading standard for oilfield chemicals and drilling fluids[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid, 2004,21(6):44-46. GB 4914-2008海洋石油勘探开发污染物排放浓度限值[S]. GB 4914-2008 Effluent limitations for pollutants from offshore petroleum exploration and production[S]. GB 18420.1-2009海洋石油勘探开发污染物生物毒性第1部分:分级[S]. GB 18420.1-2009 Biological toxicity for pollutants from marine petroleum exploration and exploitation-Part 1:Grading[S]. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 786
- HTML全文浏览量: 120
- PDF下载量: 211
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
