Preparation and Application of an Instant and Quick-Acting Suspending Agent for Well Cementing Prepad Fluids
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摘要: 目前固井前置液中所使用的悬浮剂结构大多是高分子/纤维素类化合物，其主要优点是具备较强的增稠能力，可提升前置液体系的悬浮性，确保固井施工安全进行。然而这一类物质在水中通常溶胀速度极慢（>3 h），难以迅速发挥增稠悬浮作用。为进一步提升其使用便利性及前置液配制效率，满足固井生产需求，重点进行了固井前置液用悬浮剂的研制，通过优化悬浮剂体系配方，形成各项性能优异的速溶速效型低黏切悬浮剂体系。室内实验发现，该悬浮剂在溶于水后3 min内即可完全溶胀助悬浮，速效性强；漏斗黏度约为42 s，使用便利性突出；悬浮剂加量达到4%～5%时，以其为核心形成的油基/水基钻井液用前置液体系即可抗温200℃以上，前置液上下密度差小于0.03 g/cm3，稳定性优异。前置液在现场试验过程中施工顺利，固井质量优异，说明该体系可提升固井顶替效率，具有较高推广价值。Abstract: Suspending agents presently used in prepad fluids for well cementing are mostly polymer/cellulose compounds. These suspending agents have a major advantage of high thickening ability; they can improve the suspending stability of a prepad fluid, thereby ensuring the safety of well cementing operation. These kinds of suspending agents, on the other hand, generally swell very slowly in water (> 3 h), and are therefore unable to quickly thicken and prepad fluid to improve its suspending stability. Researches have been conducted in an effort to develop a new suspending agent for well cementing prepad fluids. By optimizing the formulae of suspending agents, an instant and quick acting suspending fluid with superior properties has been developed. This suspending agent fluid has low viscosity and low gel strength. Laboratory experimental results show that after being dissolved in water for 3 min, the suspending agent swells completely and the suspending property of the fluid is greatly improved, meaning that the suspending agent has high quick-acting ability. The funnel viscosity of the suspending agent fluid is about 42 sec, meaning that the suspending agent is convenient to use. A prepad fluid formulated with 4%−5% of this suspending agent as the core additive has been used in cementing a well drilled with water-based drilling fluids or oil-based drilling fluids, the suspending agent functioned normally at temperatures of 200℃ or higher. The density difference between the upper part and the lower part of the prepad fluid was less than 0.03 g/cm3, indicating that the prepad fluid had excellent stability. The field operation using the prepad fluid was conducted smoothly and the job quality of the well cementing operation was outstanding, meaning that this prepad fluid formulated with the newly developed suspending agent is able to enhance the displacing efficiency of cement slurries and has higher promotion value.
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Key words:
- Well cementing /
- Prepad fluid /
- Instant and quick acting /
- Suspending agent
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表 1 悬浮主剂初筛实验
悬浮
主剂完全溶胀
时间/min△ρ前置液/
g·cm−3悬浮
主剂完全溶胀
时间/min△ρ前置液/
g·cm−3S1 75 0.10 G1 62 0.02 S2 67 0.06 G2 68 0.05 S3 90 0.07 G3 58 0.02 S4 70 0.05 
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表 3 溶剂与水合促进剂最优加量实验
悬浮主剂 抗温组分 混合溶剂 水合促进剂 FV/
s溶胀
时间/minG3/
%K200/
%异丙醇+
DMF/%聚醚+
磺酸盐/%2.5 0.5 10 20 >60 15.0 2.5 0.5 12 16 57 9.0 2.5 0.5 15 12 51 4.0 2.5 0.5 18 10 47 3.5 2.5 0.5 20 8 42 2.5 2.5 0.5 22 6 40 5.5 2.5 0.5 22 8 40 3.0 2.5 0.5 20 <40 >120
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表 4 水基钻井液用前置液流变数据
ρ/
g·cm−3六速
读数Gel/
Pa/PaPV/
mPa·sYP/
Pa临界紊流
返速/(m·s−1)1.20 24/17/14/10/4/3 2.0/2.0 7 5.0 0.79 1.40 29/21/18/12/6/5 3.0/3.5 8 6.5 0.86 1.60 40/29/33/16/8/7 3.5/4.0 11 9.0 0.91 1.80 61/44/36/26/10/8 4.5/6.0 17 13.5 1.01
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表 5 油基钻井液用前置液流变数据
ρ/
g·cm−3六速
读数Gel/
Pa/PaPV/
mPa·sYP/
Pa临界紊流
返速/(m·s−1)1.20 28/21/17/12/3/2 2/2.5 7 7 0.83 1.40 38/26/21/15/5/4 2/3.0 12 7 0.92 1.60 52/36/29/20/6/5 3/4.0 16 10 0.95 1.80 76/52/41/28/8/6 4/5.0 24 14 1.02
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表 6 水基钻井液用前置液稳定性评价
前置液原始
密度/(g·cm−3)23℃静置24 h
上下密度/(g·cm−3)200℃静置4 h
上下密度/(g·cm−3)1.20 1.19 1.20 1.19 1.21 1.40 1.39 1.40 1.39 1.40 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.59 1.61 1.80 1.79 1.80 1.80 1.80
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表 7 油基钻井液用前置液稳定性评价
前置液原始
密度/(g·cm−3)23℃静置24 h
上下密度/(g·cm−3)200℃静置4 h
上下密度/(g·cm−3)1.20 1.20 1.20 1.19 1.21 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.39 1.41 1.60 1.59 1.60 1.59 1.60 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.79 1.81
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表 8 1.50 g/cm3水基钻井液用前置液与水基钻井液、水泥浆的相容性实验数据
混合体积百分比 φ600 φ300 φ200 φ100 φ6 φ3 100%前置液 34 24 19 14 7 5 100%钻井液 84 55 31 19 8 6 100%水泥浆 174 92 68 40 8 5 95%钻井液+5%前置液 82 54 30 18 8 6 75%钻井液+25%前置液 72 47 28 18 8 6 50%钻井液+50%前置液 59 39 25 17 7 5 50%前置液+50%水泥浆 104 58 44 27 8 5 25%前置液+75%水泥浆 139 75 56 34 8 5 5%前置液+95%水泥浆 167 89 66 39 8 5
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表 9 1.65 g/cm3油基钻井液用前置液与油基钻井液、水泥浆的相容性实验数据
混合体积百分比 φ600 φ300 φ200 φ100 φ6 φ3 100%前置液 56 39 32 22 6 5 100%钻井液 108 68 54 37 12 11 100%水泥浆 174 92 68 40 8 5 95%钻井液+5%前置液 105 67 53 36 12 11 75%钻井液+25%前置液 95 61 48 33 11 9 50%钻井液+50%前置液 82 54 43 29 9 8 50%前置液+50%水泥浆 115 66 50 31 7 5 25%前置液+75%水泥浆 145 79 59 36 8 5 5%前置液+95%水泥浆 168 89 66 39 8 5
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表 10 针对水基钻井液的冲洗性能评价
水基钻井液来源 Gel/（Pa/Pa） PV/mPa·s YP/Pa t冲净/min BQ 3/11 35 13 2.5 MKB 2/7 35 17 2.0 DQ 2/5 54 12 1.7
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表 11 针对油基钻井液的冲洗性能评价
冲洗剂/% FV/s Gel/（Pa/Pa） ES/V t冲净/min 3.5 60 7/16 850 4.0 5.0 3.0 3.5 67 10/23 1200 7.0 5.0 5.0
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