近十年国内外钻井液用抗钙处理剂研究进展

贾文峰; 张百川; 刘皓; 杨小华

doi:10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2025.04.003

近十年国内外钻井液用抗钙处理剂研究进展

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2025.04.003

贾文峰^1,,
张百川^{1, 2},
刘皓²,
杨小华²

1.
中国石油大学(北京) 非常规油气科学技术研究院, 北京 102249
2.
中国石化石油工程技术研究院, 北京 102206

基金项目: 中石化科技部项目“页岩油气高性能水基钻井液研究与应用”（P23232）。

详细信息

作者简介:
贾文峰，副研究员，硕士生导师，现在主要从事压裂酸化材料及压裂提采一体化研究。E-mail：jiawf@cup.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE254.3
计量
- 文章访问数: 24
- HTML全文浏览量: 15
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-14
- 修回日期: 2025-04-03
- 刊出日期: 2025-07-31

Progresses in Drilling Fluid Calcium Resistant Agent Researches in China and Abroad in Recent Ten Years

1.
China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Unconventional Oil and Gas Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 102249
2.
Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Technology, Beijing 102206

摘要

摘要: 国内外针对钻井液处理剂在高钙污染下性能大幅降低的难题，对降滤失剂、增黏剂、抑制剂、润滑剂及降黏剂等开展了大量的研究，进一步提升处理剂的抗钙性能，虽然出现抗钙25%时抗温达150℃、抗钙11%时抗温180℃的产品，且部分产品成功应用于现场。但多数处理剂研究还限于室内，且仍存在抗温抗钙性能还不能同时兼顾的问题，尤其在抗钙含量大于200 000 ppm（≥20%氯化钙）的处理剂研究不多。今后抗钙处理剂的研究要在着重将室内研究成果尽快转化的基础上提高抗温抗钙同时兼顾的能力，还要进一步利用价廉易得的天然材料，开发基于生物质资源的低成本处理剂；同时要在分子结构设计上突破传统结构，采用支化或星形、树枝状或树形结构的抗钙聚合物材料，注重新单体研发，新材料的引入，并结合材料科学领域AI技术，进一步提升处理剂抗温抗钙能力、提高研发效率及处理剂现场应用的适配性。
- 钻井液 /
- 抗温抗钙 /
- 降滤失剂 /
- 增黏剂 /
- 降黏剂 /
- 润滑剂 /
- 抑制剂
Abstract: Drilling fluid additives function less effectively or even lose their functions at high calcium content. To deal with this problem, many researchers, both in China and from abroad, tried to improve the calcium resistance of drilling fluids and have made some progresses. These researches were mainly focused on filter loss reducers, viscosifiers, shale inhibitors, lubricants as well as thinners. Products resistant to contamination by 25% calcium at 150℃ and resistant to contamination by 11% calcium at 180℃ have been developed. Part of these products have been successfully used in field operations, most of the additives are still in laboratory research though, and are still having difficulties in simultaneously possessing good calcium resistance and high temperature stability. Drilling fluid additives capable of resisting contamination by greater than 200,000 ppm calcium (≥ 20% calcium chloride) are rarely seen. In studying calcium resistant drilling fluid additives, focus should be placed on the prompt conversion of the laboratory research achievements, and cost-effective additives with both good calcium resistance and high temperature stability should be developed from low-cost and easily available biomass resources. In designing the molecular structures of polymer drilling fluid additives, special molecular structures instead of only the traditional ones, such as branched polymers, star polymers and dendrimers should be used. Attentions should be paid to the development of new monomers and the introduction of new materials. AI technology in material science can also be used to help further increase the high temperature stability and calcium resistance, enhance the development efficiency, and improve the compatibility of the drilling fluid additives.
- Drilling fluid /
- High temperature and calcium resistance /
- Filter loss reducer /
- Viscosifier /
- Viscosity reducer /
- Lubricants /
- Inhibitor

HTML全文

表 1 阴离子聚合物

名称	组成或制备方法	性能与应用	文献
三元共聚物PAAV	AM、AMPS、VP（4-乙烯基吡啶）自由基聚合法共聚合成	含20%CaCl₂的4%膨润土浆中加量为1%，API滤失量为8.2 mL，表观黏度 23.5 mPa·s，抗温150℃	[25]
有机-无机复合降滤失剂CARF-1	AM、AMPS、MBA为原料，与一种纳微米无机矿物共聚得到	8%CaCl₂的3%膨润土浆中加量为2%，API滤失量为9.8 mL，抗温150℃；含0.75%CaCl₂的复合盐水浆中加量为2.5%，150℃老化后API滤失量9.6 mL	[26]
聚丙烯酰胺/氧化石墨烯复合材料PAAN-G	以氧化石墨烯为核心材料，与AM、NVP、AMPS共聚得到	4%膨润土浆中加量2%，抗温240℃，抗钙25%，150℃老化后表观黏度 22.5 mPa·s，API滤失量15.2 mL	[27]
增黏型降滤失剂DSP-1	AMPS、AM、AA、AN (丙烯腈)/NIPAM(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺) 为原料，采用自由基聚合制备	抗钙1.37%，抗温120℃，高温后表观黏度80 mPa·s，API滤失量2.4 mL，HTHP滤失量12 mL。应用于土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸基尔桑气田Gir-24D井，保障顺利施工	[28]
核-壳结构的纳米复合材料CSNC	纳米CaCO₃、AM、AMPS、AA为原料，MBA为交联剂，通过单体之间的交联聚合物为壳，反向乳液聚合法制得	4%膨润土浆中加量1%，0.5%CaCl₂ 污染下200℃老化后API滤失量20 mL，滤失率降低86.9%	[29]
抗温耐盐降滤失剂LX-28	AM、AMPS、AA、NVP为原料共聚得到	含0.5%CaCl₂复合盐水基浆中加量1.5%，120℃老化后API滤失量5.2 mL	[30]
改性纳米碳酸钙降滤失剂	纳米碳酸钙为原料，采用偶联剂改性后，接枝非离子单体NM-3、阴离子单体AM-3得到	含0.5%CaCl₂的4%膨润土浆中加量1.5%，150℃老化后表观黏度 18.5 mPa·s，API滤失量6.4 mL	[31]
降滤失剂WL-1	以AM、AMPS、改性土共聚合成	在含0.74%CaCl₂复合盐水基浆中加量1.5%，180℃老化后API滤失量7.2 mL。应用于的泌阳区块泌432、泌431、泌73-4井，加量0.3%条件下滤失量在5 mL以内，满足现场钻井施工要求	[32]
纳米降滤失剂	以AM、AMPS、NVP和改性纳米二氧化硅（M-SiO₂）为原料，反乳液聚合法制备	在含有1%CaCl₂的淡水基浆中加入1%，表观黏度12 mPa·s，API滤失量为11.8 mL	[33]
增黏降滤失剂	过硫酸钾/亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂， AM、AMPS、AA为原料，采用水溶液聚合法制备	4%膨润土浆中加量为1.5%，10%NaCl、4%CaCl₂污染下180℃老化后表观黏度 13 mPa·s，API滤失量9.1 mL，黏度保持率为52%	[34]
梳型聚合物降滤失剂DMP-1	以APEC-400（烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚400）、AM、AMPS为原料，采用水溶液聚合法得到	应用于涪陵地区泰来201井、永兴1井三开盐膏层段及四开高温井段，有效降低失水量，保证了安全施工	[35]

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表 2 两性离子聚合物

名称	组成或制备方法	性能与效果	文献
梳状共聚物降滤失剂	以AMPS、NVP、SSS、APEG （烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚）合成	4%膨润土浆中加量2%时，200℃老化后API滤失量10 mL；10%NaCl和1%CaCl₂的污染下，180℃老化后API滤失量15 mL	[36]
五元共聚物降滤失剂DAADS	以AM、AMPS、DMDAAC、DMAM、SAS（烯丙基磺酸钠）为原料，通过自由基水溶液共聚	含1%CaCl₂及含饱和盐基浆、1%CaCl₂ 两种基浆中加量2%时，180℃老化后API 滤失量分别为6.8 mL和16.8 mL	[37]
两性聚合物ADD	以AMPS、AM、DMDAAC 为原料共聚得到	4%膨润土浆中加量1.5%，11.1%CaCl₂ 污染下150℃老化后API滤失量9.6 mL	[38]
成膜降滤失剂GOJ-1	以氧化石墨烯、AM、AMPS、DMDAAC、VAC（醋酸乙烯酯）为原料制得	含2%CaCl₂膨润土浆中加量1%， 150℃老化后API滤失量9 mL	[39]
改性二氧化硅降滤失剂	以改性二氧化硅、AM、AMPS、DMDAAC为原料制得	含0.5%CaCl₂复合盐水基浆加量2.5%，150℃老化API滤失量4.0 mL	[40]
三元共聚物PASV	以2，2'-偶氮-双（2-甲基丙脒）盐酸（AAPH/V-50）为引发剂引发AM/AMPS/VeiBr （1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑溴）共聚得到	4%膨润土浆中加量4%，11%CaCl₂污染下，180℃老化后API滤失量10 mL	[41]
抗高温耐盐聚合物降滤失剂	以SSS、AMPS、AM为原料，自由基聚合得到	含3%CaCl₂的4%膨润土浆中加量 1.8%时，API滤失量11.0 mL	[42]
降滤失剂KJC	以SSS、AM、APEG共聚得到单体配比m（APEG）∶（AM）∶（SSS）＝1∶2∶1，反应温度为60℃，引发剂质量分数（占单体质量数）为0.7%，反应时间5 h	含5%CaCl₂的4%膨润土浆中加量1.6%，API滤失量15.7 mL，抗温180℃	[43]
水溶性两性离子聚合物降滤失剂	以MAA（甲基丙烯酸）、AM、 SSS、DMDAAC为原料共聚得到	含0.15%CaCl₂的4%膨润土浆中加量1.5%，API滤失量为17.4 mL，抗温达200℃	[44]
抗高温抗高盐钙乳液降滤失剂 GB-1	AMPS/DMAA/NVP/DMDAAC四元共聚得到，质量比 5∶1∶1∶3，引发剂过硫酸钾加量 0.5%，pH =7，反应温度 70℃，通氮气反应时间5 h	含1.2 %CaCl₂的4%膨润土浆中加量2%，180℃老化后API滤失量8 mL，表观黏度34 mPa·s	[45]

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