A New Self-Generating Foam Workover Fluid for Low Pressure Reservoirs
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摘要: 针对海上某常温低压低渗低含水油藏修井作业过程中修井液易对储层造成污染伤害问题，室内以防水锁型水基修井液体系为基础，并结合自生泡沫剂ZSP、润湿反转剂FZJ等主要处理剂，研制了一套适合海上低压低渗低含水油藏的清洁型低密度自生泡沫修井液体系，并对其综合性能进行了评价。结果表明：该修井液体系的基本性能良好，密度在0.5～0.9 g/cm3 之间可调，修井液与储层段地层水具有较好的配伍性，经过其处理后的天然岩心能解除近井地带润湿相伤害，变相提高油相渗透率，具有良好的储层保护效果。CH33等3口井使用清洁型低密度泡沫修井液体系修井过程顺利，未发生井下复杂事故，修井2 d后产能恢复至正常生产水平，说明该体系能够满足海上低压低渗低含水油藏的修井作业要求。Abstract: An offshore normal temperature low pressure low permeability low water cut reservoir needed to be worked over, the workover fluid can cause contamination and hence damage the reservoir. To deal with this problem, a cleaning low density self-generating foam workover fluid was developed based on an anti-water-block water-based workover fluid. A self-generating foaming agent ZSP and a wettability alteration agent FZJ etc. were used in formulating the new workover fluid. The workover fluid was evaluated for its general properties, and it was found that the workover fluid has good basic performance, its density can be adjusted between 0.5 g/cm3 and 0.9 g/cm3. The workover fluid is well compatible with the formation waters, natural cores after treatment with this workover fluid can have their wetting phase damage near the wellbore being removed, thereby improving the permeability of the oil phase in a disguised way. This cleaning low density foam workover fluid has been successfully used on three wells (well CH33 etc.), no downhole troubles occurred during operation. Two days after the workover operation, the three wells regained their normal production rates, indicating that this new workover fluid has satisfied the requirements of workover operations on offshore reservoirs with low pressure, low permeability and low water cut.
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表 2 发泡剂泡沫性能实验
编号 泡沫体积/mL 半衰期/s 泡沫综合值/（mL·s） FP-1 1200 489 440 100 FP-2 820 360 221 400 FP-3 700 270 141 750 FP-4 650 252 122 850 FP-5 620 247 114 855 
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表 3 自生泡沫体系实验
生气剂
SQJ/%发泡剂
FP-1/%稳泡剂
WPAM/%矿化度/
mg·L-1泡沫质量/
%泡沫半衰
期/min30 0.5 0.10 1×104 75 15 0.15 1×104 84 22 0.20 1×104 86 23
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表 4 0.15%润湿反转剂FZJ处理实验
待测液 处理前 处理后 毛细管液面
上升高度/cm润湿
角/(°)毛细管液面
上升高度/cm润湿
角/(°)自吸油 1.6 68.1 0.15 89.3 自吸水 2.3 42.8 0.22 85.4
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表 5 自生泡沫修井液体系与地层水配伍性评价
实验条件 修井液与地层水不同比例混合后浊度值/NTU 9∶1 7∶3 5∶5 3∶7 加热前 2.8 2.4 1.9 1.7 90℃、12 h 3.4 4.2 2.8 2.3
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表 6 自生泡沫修井液体系封堵性能评价实验
岩心 Ko/mD 不同压差下滤失量/mL 1 MPa 3 MPa 5 MPa 7 MPa 9 MPa 11 MPa 1# 5.97 0 0 0 0.03 3.8 11.8 2# 6.41 0 0 0 0.05 4.9 15.2 3# 3.92 0 0 0 0.03 4.2 16.4
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表 7 自生泡沫修井液储层保护性能评价实验
修井液 流速/（mL·min−1） 渗透率/mD 变化率/% 处理前 处理后 调整前 0.5 14.4 10.2 −29.2 1.0 18.6 13.7 −26.3 1.5 17.3 10.4 −39.9 调整后 0.5 13.5 14.9 10.4 1.0 15.7 19.8 26.1 1.5 16.2 20.4 25.9
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