Synthesis and Performance of a Salt Resistant Swelling Preventive Aqueous Emulsion Drag Reducer
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摘要: 针对常规反相乳液降阻剂耐盐性能差，难以实现高矿化度地层水或返排水配液，且降阻剂功能单一、含油相对地层造成伤害及成本高的问题，通过水相分散聚合合成无油相耐盐防膨型水性乳液降阻剂。通过摩阻仪、流变仪等对降阻剂及其形成的滑溜水体系的性能进行评价。实验结果表明，该降阻剂稳定性能好，能在15 s内迅速溶于水，阳离子度15.98%，用100 000 mg/L盐水配制对黏度几乎没有影响，耐温180℃。利用该降阻剂配制的滑溜水体系现场降阻率82%，防膨率提高60%以上，在保证了高降阻同时实现在线混配且兼具防膨性能，实现了“一剂多效”，为简化配液流程，降低成本，提高压裂生产效果的新型压裂液研发提供了新的思路。Abstract: Common inverse emulsion drag reducers have poor salt resistance and hence are unable to be formulated with high salinity formation water and water flowed back in formation fracturing operations. These drag reducers are generally single-functioned, expensive and contain oil phase that causes formation damage. To solve these problems, a new salt-resistant swelling-preventive oil-free aqueous emulsion drag reducer has been developed through aqueous dispersion polymerization. Laboratory evaluation with friction tester and rheometer of the new drag reducer in a slick water system showed that this drag reducer has good stability, and is able to instantly dissolve in water in 15 seconds. The cationicity of the drag reducer is 15.98%. A fracturing fluid formulated with 100,000 mg/L saltwater has viscosity that is not affected by the high salinity of the saltwater. The drag reducer works normally at temperatures up to 180℃. A slick water formulated with this drag reducer was used in field operation, the drag of the slick water was reduced by 82% and swelling inhibition capacity was enhanced by at least 60%. With this drag reducer, high drag reduction rate, online formulation and clay swelling inhibition can be simultaneously achieved, the so-called “one additive with multifunction”. This study has provided a new clue for simplifying fracturing fluid formulation process, lowering operation cost and developing new fracturing fluids with enhanced fracturing efficiencies.
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Key words:
- Salt resistant drag reducer /
- Swelling prevention /
- Dispersion polymerization /
- Slick water /
- Acrylamide
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表 1 水包水乳液聚合物阳离子度
V1/L 水性乳液降
阻剂质量/g阳离
子度/%阳离子度
平均值/%0.0879 0.50 16.48 15.98 0.0835 0.50 15.65 0.0843 0.50 15.81 
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表 2 水性乳液降阻剂配制的滑溜水黏度
序号 降阻剂/% η清水配制/
mPa·sη盐水配制/
mPa·s1 0.075 3.0 3.0 2 0.150 10.5 12.0 3 0.300 28.5 31.5 4 0.450 52.5 63.0 5 0.600 90.0 97.5 6 0.750 126.0 132.0 7 1.000 180.0 164.0
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表 3 水性乳液降阻剂配制的滑溜水防膨性能
序号 测试对象 T/
℃膨胀
体积/mL防膨率
计算/%1 清水 20 7.6 2 煤油 20 0.4 3 0.15%水性乳液降阻剂 20 3.0 63.9 4 0.30%水性乳液降阻剂 20 3.0 63.9 5 0.45%水性乳液降阻剂 20 2.5 70.8 6 0.60%水性乳液降阻剂 20 2.7 68.1 7 0.75%水性乳液降阻剂 20 2.8 66.7
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表 4 不同浓度水性乳液降阻剂压裂液的破胶性能
序号 水包水聚合
物浓度/%η破胶前/
mPa·sη破胶后/
mPa·s1 0. 15 10.5 1.24 2 0.30 28.5 1.96 3 0.45 52.5 3.61 4 0.60 90.0 4.12 5 0.75 126.0 4.98
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