Rheological Parameter Calibration of Online Drilling Fluid Property Monitoring System
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摘要: 在钻井作业过程中，准确快速测量钻井液流变性能对于安全高效钻井至关重要。管流法可以实时监测钻井液各项流变性，但壁面滑移现象会严重影响测量的准确性。基于此问题，深入探讨了管流与滑移影响间的关系，并提出了一种基于管流法的流变性校准方法。该方法使用管流式测量方法，对数据使用门尼和正则化方法获得滑移速度，时间加窗形成有序数据，并构建了WOA-SVR滑移速度预测模型，再通过滑移速度对壁面剪切率和广义流性指数进行了修正。最终，校准了钻井液流变参数，流变参数输出值准确度提高了75.01%。该研究成果已在塔里木、新疆、华北等油田应用，仪器测量结果与手动取样分析结果高度吻合，验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。该方法为钻井液性能在线监测系统流变参数的综合评估提供可靠的数据支持，对于提升钻井作业的效率和安全性意义重大。Abstract: In drilling operations, accurate and fast measurement of drilling fluid rheology is essential for safe and efficient drilling. Pipe flow method can monitor the rheological properties of drilling fluids in a real time manner, wall slip phenomenon can seriously affect the accuracy of the measurement though. To deal with this problem, the relationship between pipe flow and the effects of wall slip is discussed in depth, and a rheology calibration method based on pipe flow method is presented. In this method, the measurement is conducted using pipe flow method, the slip velocity is obtained using Mooney and regularization method on the data acquired, time is windowed to form ordered data, and a modal named WOA-SVR for predicting slip velocity is constructed. The shear rate on the wall and the generalized flow index are then corrected using the slip velocity obtained. Using this method, the rheological properties of a drilling fluid are calibrated and the accuracy of the output rheological properties is increased by 75.01%. The results of this study have been used in Tarim, Xinjiang and Huabei oilfields, the instrument measurement results are highly consistent with the results obtained by analyzing the manual samples, indicating that this method is both effective and practical. This method can provide reliable data support for the comprehensive evaluation of the rheological parameters for the online monitoring system of drilling fluid properties, and is of great significance to the improvement of drilling efficiency and safety.
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表 1 样品的壁滑移处理结果
Q/（m3/h） τw/Pa τwc/Pa Vslip/（m/s） 0.43 8.3517 6.7561 0.001 818 0.51 8.4390 0.001 911 0.60 9.3808 0.002 891 0.75 11.0436 0.004 566 0.82 11.8547 0.005 366 1.04 12.9040 0.006 388 1.07 14.0291 0.007 470 1.27 17.1570 0.010 424 注：Vslip=0.00117667(τw−τwc)0.9315。 
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表 2 样本全球历史值的相关分析
t $r_{V_{\text {slip }}(t, t+8) \tau_{\mathrm{w}}(t, t+8)} $ t $ r_{V_{\text {slip }}(t, t+8) \tau_{\mathrm{w}}(t, t+8)} $ 1 99.982 5 44.297 2 59.819 6 35.953 3 47.990 7 61.546 4 33.462 8 74.511
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表 3 时间窗口函数处理后的特征参数设置
τw(t)/
PaVslip(t)/
m/sVslip(t+1)/
m/sVslip(t+2)/
m/sVslip(t+3)/
m/s8.3517 0.0182 0.0019 0.0029 0.0046 8.4390 0.0019 0.0029 0.0046 0.0054 9.3808 0.0029 0.0046 0.0054 0.0064 11.0436 0.0046 0.0054 0.0064 0.0075 11.8547 0.0054 0.0064 0.0075 0.0104 12.9041 0.0064 0.0075 0.0010 0.0050 14.0291 0.0075 0.0104 0.0050 0.0066 17.1570 0.0104 0.0050 0.0066 0.0073
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表 4 模型误差指数
Model MAE/(m/s) MSE/(m/s)2 RMSE/(m/s) R2 SVR 0.0039 0.0000 0.0045 0.6789 WOA-SVR 0.0014 0.0000 0.0014 0.9291 PSO-SVR 0.0031 0.0000 0.0038 0.4670
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