Drag Reducing Performance of a Nanomodified Material in Water Based Drilling Fluids
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摘要: 水基钻井液在小井眼环空流动时波动性大，与井壁、钻具界面阻力大，导致流动能量损耗和钻井液当量循环密度（ECD）大，易引发井漏、卡钻等事故。以纳米二氧化硅为原料，接枝改性合成水基钻井液减阻剂DRA-1，并开展减阻性能研究，发现DRA-1具有降低钻井液流动阻力与改善钻井液流动流型的作用。结果表明，在基浆中加入3%DRA-1后，流性指数为0.5064，增幅达366.7%，稠度系数为0.4847 Pa·sn，降幅达90.6%，极压润滑系数降低率达81.82%，经120℃热滚16 h后减阻效果进一步提高，证明DRA-1具有抗高温能力；以相同条件在自制钢片和聚四氟乙烯板上流动时，DRA-1对基浆流动性的改善效果显著优于现场同类材料，具有更好的流动性；基于A井生产资料，在水基钻井液中加入1%DRA-1后，压耗降低1.937 MPa，降低率达21.61%，在整个井深范围也表现出更低的ECD，宏观上反映出DRA-1对钻井效率和安全性的提升，这对钻井现场提高经济效益和避免作业事故具有重要意义。Abstract: The flow of water based drilling fluids in slim holes fluctuate significantly and the interface resistance between the drilling fluids and the wellbore/drilling tools is high, resulting in high flow energy loss and high equivalent circulation density (ECD) which in turn cause mud losses and stuck pipe to happen. A drag reducer DRA-1 for water based drilling fluids was synthesized with nano silica as the raw material through graft-modification, and its performance was studied. In laboratory experiment, it was found that a base mud treated with 3% DRA-1 has its flow index increased by 366.7% to 0.5064, the consistency coefficient reduced by 90.6% to 0.4847 Pa·sn, and the extreme pressure coefficient of friction reduced by 81.82%. After hot rolling at 120℃ for 16 hours, the extreme pressure coefficient of friction was further reduced, indicating that DRA-1 is resistant to high temperature. When the DRA-1 treated base mud was flowing under the same conditions on a self-made steel plate and a polytetrafluoroethylene plate respectively, DRA-1 performed much better than the same type of field additives in improving the flow behavior of the mud. Operation data obtained from the well A showed that by adding 1% DRA-1 in the water based drilling fluid, the pressure loss along the circulation system was reduced by 1.937 MPa, a reduction rate of 21.61%, and lower ECD was obtained in the whole drilling operation, indicating that DRA-1 helped increase the drilling efficiency and safety, and this is very important to the increase of economic benefits and the avoidance or drilling accidents.
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Key words:
- Water based drilling fluid /
- Nanomaterial /
- Drag reducing in flow /
- Lubricity /
- ECD
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表 1 拟合R2结果表
体系 热滚前 热滚后 体系 热滚前 热滚后 4%基浆 0.4578 0.9887 +1%Lub-1 0.8362 0.9207 +0.5%DRA-1 0.8482 0.9832 +3%Lub-1 0.8122 0.9684 +1%DRA-1 0.8324 0.9754 +0.5%PAO 0.9072 0.9744 +3%DRA-1 0.8657 0.9978 +1%PAO 0.9305 0.9544 +0.5%Lub-1 0.7853 0.9254 +3%PAO 0.9271 0.9085 
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表 2 不同该体系的极压润滑系数计算结果对比
体系 热滚前 120℃、16 h 极压润
滑系数极压润滑系数
降低率/%极压润
滑系数极压润滑系数
降低率/%4%基浆 0.55 0.48 +0.5%DRA-1 0.15 72.73 0.07 85.42 +1%DRA-1 0.12 78.18 0.04 91.67 +3%DRA-1 0.10 81.82 0.03 93.75 +0.5%Lub-1 0.19 65.45 0.11 77.08 +1%Lub-1 0.17 69.09 0.09 81.25 +3%Lub-1 0.12 78.18 0.07 85.42 +0.5%PAO 0.40 27.27 0.32 33.33 +1%PAO 0.38 30.91 0.31 35.42 +3%PAO 0.36 34.55 0.35 27.08
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表 3 不同钻井液通过中压滤失形成泥饼的黏滞系数
体系 热滚前 120℃、16 h 黏滞
系数黏滞系数
降低率/%黏滞
系数黏滞系数
降低率/%4%基浆 0.0963 0.0875 +0.5%DRA-1 0.0262 72.79 0.0175 80.00 +1%DRA-1 0.0437 54.62 0.0175 80.00 +3%DRA-1 0.0262 72.79 0.0262 70.06 +0.5%Lub-1 0.0612 36.45 0.0349 60.11 +1%Lub-1 0.0787 18.28 0.0262 70.06 +3%Lub-1 0.0349 63.76 0.0262 70.06 +0.5%PAO 0.0699 27.41 0.0349 60.11 +1%PAO 0.0699 27.41 0.0262 70.06 +3%PAO 0.0787 18.28 0.0787 10.06
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表 4 在钢片和聚四氟乙烯板上相同消耗量下的流动对比
流动界面 类型 消耗量/
mL流动
耗时/s流动距离/
mm流动速度/
mm·s−1钢片 基浆 3 9.24 34 3.68 +1%DRA-1 3 20.68 100 4.84 +1%Lub-1 3 10.87 30 2.76 +1%PAO 3 9.55 45 4.71 聚四氟
乙烯板基浆 2 39.64 42 1.06 +1%DRA-1 2 15.88 58 3.65 +1%Lub-1 2 18.43 51 2.77 +1%PAO 2 18.77 56 2.98
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表 5 在钢片和聚四氟乙烯板上相同距离下的流动对比
流动界面 类型 流动距离/
mm消耗量/
mL流动
耗时/s流动速度/
mm·s−1钢片 基浆 100 8 由于加量不一致，
无法计算+1%DRA-1 100 3 +1%Lub-1 100 9 +1%PAO 100 5 聚四氟
乙烯板基浆 76 3 65.65 1.16 +1%DRA-1 76 3 6.36 11.95 +1%Lub-1 76 3 28.25 2.69 +1%PAO 76 3 15.35 4.95
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表 6 DRA-1在现场水基钻井液体系中的流变参数
减阻剂 实验
条件AV/
mPa·sPV/
mPa·sYP/
Pa未加入 热滚后 34.5 22 12.5 +1%DRA-1 120℃、16 h 26.0 18 8.0
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