Preparation and Application of a High Temperature Suspension Stabilizing Filter Loss Reducer for Cement Slurries
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摘要: 青海油田柴达木盆地地温梯度高且多处于地层超压带或邻近区带，深井超深井固井过程中，对高密度水泥浆高温高压工况下的失水、流变以及热冲击后的沉降稳定性、力学性能等提出了更高的要求。通过接枝聚合制备了含有温敏基团和支链结构的悬浮稳定型降失水剂DFS-200，并对其综合性能进行了评价。结果表明，DFS-200可将2.10～2.30 g/cm3水泥浆体系高温工况下的API失水量控制在50 mL以内，游离液为0、密度差小于0.03 g/cm3，流变和稠化性能良好，浆体“低温不增稠、高温不稀释”；水泥石强度发育快，静胶凝强度过渡时间短，200℃下48 h抗压强度大于30 MPa、无衰减。应用DFS-200在柴达木盆地目的层尾管固井中进行了多次现场试验，效果良好，为改善青海油田深井超深井封固质量、保障井筒完整性提供了技术支撑。Abstract: High formation temperature gradients prevail in the Qinghai Oilfield (Tsaidam Basin). High bottom hole temperatures in deep and ultra-deep wells plus high formation pressures from the over-pressurized formation belts impose rigorous requirements on cement slurries as to their high temperature high pressure (HTHP) filter losses and rheology, the settling stability and mechanical performance after experiencing heat impact. To deal with these situations, a suspension stabilizing filter loss reducer DFS-200 containing temperature-sensitive groups and branched chain structures was developed. Evaluation of the general performance of DFS-200 shows that it can reduce the high temperature filter loss of a cement slurry (with density between 2.10 g/cm3 and 2.30 g/cm3) to less than 50 mL, and the cement slurry still has zero free water, small density difference between the top cement and the bottom cement of less than 0.03 g/cm3, as well as good rheology and thickening performance. The DFS-200 treated cement slurry does not viscosify at low temperatures and does not thin at elevated temperatures. The strength of the set cement develops quickly, the transition time of the static gel strength of the cement slurry is short. The 200℃ × 48 h compressive strength of the set cement is greater than 30 MPa and does not decline. DFS-200 has been used many times in liner cementing operations in Tsaidam Basin and has gained good results, it has provided a technical support to improving the job quality of cementing the deep and ultra-deep wells in Qinghai Oilfield and also to ensuring the borehole integrity.
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Key words:
- Filter loss reducer /
- Branched chain structure /
- Settling stability /
- Cement slurry /
- High temperature /
- Deep well
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表 1 180℃时DFS-200加量对水泥浆体系沉降稳定性的影响
ρ/（g·cm−3） DFS-200/% △ρ/（g·cm−3） 游离液/% 2.10 6.0 0.016 0 6.5 0.014 0 7.0 0.010 0 2.15 6.0 0.022 0 6.5 0.020 0 7.0 0.014 0 2.20 6.0 0.030 0 6.5 0.020 0 7.0 0.018 0 2.25 6.0 0.040 0.25 6.5 0.025 0 7.0 0.020 0 2.30 6.0 0.054 0.60 6.5 0.038 0.22 7.0 0.028 0 注：该水泥浆体系的稠化时间为 320～350 min。 
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表 2 DFS-200加量对水泥浆体系流变性能的影响
DFS-200/
%ρ/
g·cm–3流动度/
cmT/
℃φ300/φ200/φ100/φ3 n K/
Pa·sn6.0 2.10 20.6 室温 213/148/93/7 0.79 0.74 180 145/98/62/6 0.83 0.41 6.5 2.25 19.4 室温 249/174/108/7 0.80 0.87 180 152/101/66/7 0.82 0.45 7.0 2.30 19.1 室温 264/185/116/8 0.79 0.97 180 162/112/70/7 0.82 0.48
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表 3 加有DFS-200水泥浆体系的稠化性能
DFS-200/
%ρ/
g·cm–3初始稠度/
Bct稠化/
mint中停/
min中停稠度
冲高/Bc备注 6.0 2.10 21 334 20 13 曲线正常 6.5 2.25 22 328 20 12 曲线正常 7.0 2.30 23 345 20 15 曲线正常 注：稠化实验条件为180℃×105 MPa×90 min。
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表 4 加有DFS-200水泥浆体系的力学性能
DFS-200/
%ρ/
g·cm–3静胶凝强度*/min p**/MPa 起强度时间 过渡时间 24 h 48 h 7 d 6.0 2.10 678 9 29.5 35.6 40.7 6.5 2.25 841 14 26.9 33.5 38.8 7.0 2.30 946 12 26.6 31.9 37.1 注：*静胶凝强度实验取井底循环温度（BHCT）180℃；**抗压强度实验取井底静止温度（BHST）200℃。
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