Stress Sensitivity Experiment on Shale Gas Formations in Marine-Continental Transitional Facies in Easten Margin of Ordos Basin
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摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地东缘海陆过渡相页岩气层致密，孔缝结构复杂，非均质性强，导致应力敏感具有特殊性。选取鄂尔多斯盆地东缘海陆过渡相页岩样品，开展了不同有效应力下的岩心应力敏感实验，明确了储层应力敏感程度，并结合储层岩性和物性特征，揭示了研究区海陆过渡相页岩气层应力敏感机理。研究结果表明，有效应力从3 MPa增大至35 MPa时，人工裂缝、天然裂缝和基块岩心的渗透率分别降低了97.1%、86.8%和50.5%。有效应力卸载过程中，渗透率恢复率分别为21.4%、19.0%和11.6%，表现出显著的应力敏感滞后效应。人工裂缝、天然裂缝和基块页岩的应力敏感系数分别为0.65、0.58和0.19，应力敏感程度分别为强～中等偏强、强～中等偏弱和弱，表明研究区页岩多尺度孔缝结构的应力敏感显著。海陆过渡相页岩矿物组分、裂缝发育程度和孔隙结构是应力敏感损害的主控因素，建议制定保护储层的采气工艺制度，通过控压生产，保障气井高产和稳产。Abstract: The shale gas formations in the marine-continental transitional facies of the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin are tight gas formations with complex pore and fracture structures as well as high heterogeneity which result in special stress sensitivity of the formations. To understand the degree of the stress sensitivity of the reservoirs, stress sensitivity experiments were performed on cores taken from the marine-continental transitional facies of the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin. The experimental results, combined with the understanding of the lithology and the physical properties of the reservoirs, help reveal the mechanisms of stress sensitivity of the shale gas reservoirs concerned. The studies performed indicate that when the effective stress is increased from 3 MPa to 35 MPa, the permeability of the artificial fractures, the natural fractures and the base core decreases by 97.1%, 86.8% and 50,5%, respectively. During unloading of the effective stress, the permeability of the artificial fractures, the natural fractures and the base core is recovered by 21.4%, 19.0% and 11.6%, respectively, showing significant stress sensitivity hysteresis effects. The stress sensitivity coefficients of the artificial fractures, the natural fractures and the base core are 0.65, 0.58 and 0.19, respectively, and the degrees of stress sensitivity corresponding to these stress sensitivity coefficients are classified as strong-moderate to strong, strong-moderate to weak and weak. The stress sensitivity coefficients show that the multi-scale pore-fracture structure of the shales under research have significant stress sensitivity. The main control factors of formation damage by stress sensitivity include the mineral components, the development of the fractures as well as the pore structure of the shales in the marine-continental transitional facies. It is thus suggested that a reservoir-protective gas production system be developed, and the production of gas be controlled to ensure high production rate and stable production of the gas wells drilled in the marine-continental transitional facies of the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin.
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表 1 应力敏感实验岩心基础数据
岩样 深度/
m长度/
cm直径/
cm体积/
cm3备注 HLY-1 2366.00～2372.77 5.09 2.54 25.99 人工裂缝 HLY-2 2347.10～2351.10 5.04 2.54 25.54 人工裂缝 HLY-3 2347.10～2351.10 5.05 2.54 25.79 天然裂缝 HLD-1 1945.50～1949.50 5.07 2.54 24.89 天然裂缝 YL-1 2437.40 5.02 2.54 25.64 天然裂缝 HLD-2 1945.50～1949.50 5.10 2.54 26.05 基块 HLD-3 1945.50～1949.50 5.08 2.54 25.94 基块 HLD-4 1945.50～1949.50 5.10 2.54 25.44 基块 YL-2 4.99 2.54 25.28 基块 HLY-5 2347.10～2351.10 5.04 2.54 25.54 基块 
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表 2 应力敏感程度评价指标
应力敏感
系数应力敏感
损害程度应力敏感
系数应力敏感
损害程度SS<0.05 无 0.5≤SS<0.7 中等偏强 0.05≤SS<0.3 弱 0.7≤SS<1 强 0.3≤SS<0.5 中等偏弱 SS>1 极强
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表 3 海陆过渡相页岩应力敏感程度评价结果
样号 L/
mmD/
mmKmax/
mDKmin/
mDSS 应力敏感
程度备注 HLY-1 50.9 25.4 10.930 0.070 0.80 强 人工裂缝 HLY-2 50.4 25.4 32.580 0.720 0.65 中等偏强 人工裂缝 HLD-1 50.7 25.4 7.570 2.960 0.36 中等偏弱 天然裂缝 YL-1 50.2 25.4 3.630 0.110 0.58 中等偏强 天然裂缝 HLY-3 50.8 25.4 5.540 0.050 0.79 强 天然裂缝 HLD-2 51.0 25.4 0.008 0.006 0.07 弱 基块 HLY-5 50.4 25.4 0.009 0.004 0.19 弱 基块 HLD-3 50.8 25.4 0.007 0.003 0.24 弱 基块 YL-2 49.9 25.4 0.0008 0.0004 0.24 弱 基块 HLD-4 51.0 25.4 0.328 0.096 0.29 弱 基块
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