Study on Temperature-Controlled Liquid-Solid Phase Change Mud Loss Control System and Mud Loss Control with In-situ Self-Generated Bridging Particles
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摘要: 裂缝性漏失是钻井过程中面临的技术难题，目前技术瓶颈是传统桥接堵漏材料与漏失通道匹配度低，易重复性漏失。基于热固性树脂乳化及高温交联聚并原理，研制了温控液-固相变堵漏体系，可自适应进入不同开度裂缝，受漏层高温响应作用，在裂缝中原位生成宽粒径分布的高强度堵漏颗粒。开展了原位自生堵漏颗粒的结构表征、力学性能、裂缝封堵性能测试等。结果表明，温控液-固相变堵漏体系中高分子树脂含量为37%，乳化剂含量为5.2%、分散剂含量为0.07%、交联剂含量为25.9%、蒸馏水含量为31.83%，该体系可在50～90 ℃漏层温度条件下原位生成0.1～5 mm宽粒径分布的堵漏颗粒。120 ℃老化后的堵漏颗粒60 MPa压力下D90降级率仅为0.4%，抗压强度高。仅用一套温控液-固相变堵漏体系能同时封堵1～5 mm开度裂缝，承压能力达到10 MPa，实现自适应封堵，有望解决未知裂缝开度的钻井液漏失技术难题。Abstract: Mud losses into fractures are a technical difficulty frequently encountered in drilling operation. The technical bottleneck is the poor matching between the traditional bridging lost circulation materials and the sizes of the channels through which the mud is lost, and this generally leads to repeated mud losses at the same depth. To deal with this problem, a temperature controlled liquid-solid phase change lost circulation control system is developed based on the principles of thermosetting resin emulsification and high-temperature crosslinking polymerization. This system can adaptively enter fractures of different openings, and form in-situ inside the fractures high-strength particles with a wide size distribution to control the mud losses under the action of the high temperatures in the mud loss zones. In laboratory studies, the structures of the bridging particles generated in-situ inside the fractures are characterized, the mechanical properties and performance of the bridging particles to plug the fractures are tested. The results of the studies show that in the temperature-controlled liquid-solid phase change lost circulation control system, the contents of the high molecular weight resin, the emulsifier, the dispersant, the crosslinking agent and the distilled water are 37%, 5.2%, 0.07%, 25.9% and 31.83%, respectively. This system can in-situ generate particles with sizes distributed between 0.1 mm and 5 mm at temperatures between 50 ℃ and 90 ℃ inside the mud loss zones. After being aged at 120 ℃, the D90 degrading rate of the bridging particles under 60 MPa is only 0.4%, indicating that the system has high compressive strength. Using one temperature-controlled liquid-solid phase change lost circulation control system, fractures with openings between 1 mm and 5 mm can all be plugged, and the plugged fractures can bear pressures up to10 MPa. This system can be used to realize adaptive plugging, and is expected to solve the difficulties in controlling mud losses into fractures of unknown openings.
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表 2 抗压破碎降级率测定
老化条件 加压前
D90/mm加压后
D’90/mmD90降级
率/%过200目筛后
的破碎率%老化前 2.51 2.50 0.40 0.23 120 ℃、16 h 2.51 2.50 0.40 0.31 
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