Study on a Low Density Cement Slurry Capable of Preventing and Stopping Mud Losses and the Use of the Slurry
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摘要: 跃进3-3XC井完钻井深达9432 m，水平钻进距离超过3400 m，刷新了亚洲最深和超深水平大位移井的纪录。该井地质结构复杂，施工难度大，对水泥浆性能要求高，除了高温、高压外，地层承压能力低，极易发生漏失。针对此类问题，通过研发新型功能性材料，构建了C-Lo PSD（1.30 g/cm3）、C-Lite STONE（1.60 g/cm3）与C-Hi PSD（1.40 g/cm3）三套低密度水泥浆体系，涵盖了中低温、高温等应用条件，并在跃进3-3XC井中成功应用，水泥浆性能满足固井需求。与之前用水泥浆体系相比，混浆效率、流变性、悬浮稳定性、水泥石抗压强度等明显提升。其中，C-Lite STONE（TBHC=75 ℃/TTOC=30 ℃）与C-Hi PSD（TBHC=145 ℃/TTOC=105 ℃）水泥浆体系在温差分别为45 ℃和40 ℃下，顶部48 h抗压强度达到8.1 MPa和14.3 MPa。跃进3-3XC井在施工期间多次遭遇漏失，通过使用自研的新型堵漏材料C-B62和C-B66，成功封堵裂缝，保证了固井施工的顺利进行。Abstract: The well Yuejin-3-3XC is drilled to a measured depth of 9,432 m, with length of the horizontal section exceeding 3,400 m. This depth and length of horizontal drilling has broken the record of the longest horizontal section in the deepest and ultra-deep horizontal drilling in Asia. The well Yuejin-3-3XC penetrated formations with complex geologic characteristics, and was difficult to drill. Requirements for the properties of cement slurries are high; high temperature, high pressure, low pressure bearing capacity of the formations drilled have all to be considered to avoid losses of the cement slurries. To deal with these difficulties, three low density cement slurries, which are C-Lo PSD (1.30 g/cm3), C-Lite STONE (1.60 g/cm3) and C-Hi PSD (1.40 g/cm3), are formulated. These cement slurries can be used in medium-low and high temperature conditions, and have been successfully used in cementing the well Yuejin-3-3XC. Compared with the cement slurries previously used, these three new slurries have mixing efficiency, rheology, suspension stability and compressive strength of set cement that are significantly improved. Among the three cement slurries, the C-Lite STONE (TBHC = 75 ℃/TTOC = 30 ℃) and the C-Hi PSD (TBHC = 145 ℃/TTOC = 105 ℃) have the strengths of the top slurries in 48 h of 81 MPa and 14.3 MPa under the temperature differences of 45 ℃ and 40 ℃, respectively. During drilling operation, the well Yuejin-3-3XC has encountered several times of mud losses. Use the self-made new lost circulation materials C-B62 and C-B66, the fractures into which the mud was lost were successfully sealed off, ensuring the smooth progress of the cementing operation.
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Key words:
- Ultra-deep well /
- Extended reach well /
- High temperature low density cement slurry /
- Fly ash /
- Mud loss
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表 1 跃进3-3XC井井况条件与水泥浆性能要求
井段/m 水泥浆 ρ/（g·cm−3） T循环/ ℃ T顶部/ ℃ T静止/ ℃ P井底/MPa t混浆/s t稠化/min FL/mL 游离液/% p底部/ MPa 4600～5056 一级领浆 1.30 88 94 108 65 ≤50 360～420 ≤50 ≤1 ≥7 5056～5256 一级尾浆 1.90 88 108 65 ≤50 210～270 ≤50 ≤1 1700～3700 二级领浆 1.60 75 30 96 58 ≤50 300～360 ≤100 ≤1 ≥7 3700～4700 二级尾浆 1.60 75 74 96 58 ≤50 180～270 ≤100 ≤1 ≥7 5154～6600 领浆 1.40 145 105 150 105 ≤50 360～420 ≤50 0 ≥14 6600～9131 尾浆 1.80 145 150 105 ≤50 210～270 ≤50 0 注：浆体的上下密度差均小于0.05 g/cm3；底部的24 h抗压强度均大于14 MPa。 
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表 2 跃进3-3XC井低密度水泥浆体系的组成及适用条件
水泥浆 适用
条件体系
组成水灰
比ρ/
g·cm−3旧体系
组成C-Lo PSD 中低温 C-SE1 0.66 1.30 C-BT1 C-Lite STONE 中低温、
大水灰比C-SE2、
C-J65L0.77 1.60 C-BT5、
C-J62SC-Hi PSD 高温 C-SE3、
C-J65L、
C-GR10.64 1.40 C-BT1、
C-J62S
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表 3 悬浮稳定剂对C-Lite STONE水泥浆性能的影响
稳定
剂加量/
%流变参数 t混浆/
sFLAPI /
mLΔρ/
g·cm−3顶部强度/
MPan K/Pa·sn 空白 0 0.84 0.24 15 49 0.11 6.2 C-J62S 0.6 0.71 0.81 35 46 0.03 6.6 C-J65L 1.0 0.62 1.26 25 35 0.02 8.1
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表 4 胶乳C-GR1对C-Hi PSD水泥浆性能的影响
C-GR1/
%C-FL80L/
%流变参数 t混浆/
sFLAPI/
mLΔρ/
g·cm−3n K/Pa·sn 0 12 0.79 1.03 80 20 0.06 9 8 0.69 1.33 45 18 0.03
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表 5 C-B62和C-B66堵漏能力评价
编号 B62/
%B66/
%裂缝堵漏承压能力/MPa 0.25 mm 0.5 mm 0.75 mm 1 0 0 0 / 2 0.5 0 4 2 / 3 0 3.0 0 / / 4 0.3 1.5 ＞7 5 / 5 0.5 3.0 ＞7 ＞7 5 注：在有效封堵裂缝后，能够承受的最大压力。
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表 6 不同减轻剂对低密度水泥浆性能的影响
减轻
剂流变参数 t混浆/
sΔρ/
g·cm−3P顶部/
MPan K/Pa·sn C-BT1 0.69 1.72 50 0.03 12.6 C-SE1 0.82 0.65 30 0.03 15.8
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表 7 不同减轻剂对低密度水泥浆性能的影响
减轻
剂流变参数 t混浆/
sΔρ/
g·cm−3P顶部/
MPan K/Pa·sn C-BT5 0.68 0.78 23 0.03 4.4 C-SE2 0.62 1.26 25 0.02 8.1
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表 8 不同减轻剂对低密度水泥浆性能的影响
减轻
剂C-R42L/
%流变参数 t混浆/
sΔρ/
g·cm−3t稠化/
minP顶部/
MPan K/Pa·sn C-BT1 10 0.73 1.23 65 0.05 366 2.4 C-SE3 6 0.69 1.33 45 0.03 378 14.3
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表 9 跃进3-3XC井水泥浆性能
开次 水泥浆 ρ/（g·cm−3） t混浆/s t稠化/min FL/mL Δρ/g·cm−3 p底部/MPa p底部/ MPa 二开 一级领浆 1.30 30 415 25 0.03 18.4 15.8 一级尾浆 1.90 15 235 23 0.02 26.5 二级领浆 1.60 25 311 35 0.02 14.8 8.1 二级尾浆 1.60 25 224 35 0.02 15.6 12.7 三开 领浆 1.40 45 378 18 0.03 16.4 14.3 尾浆 1.88 20 234 26 0.01 32.3
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