A High-performance Waterproof Lock Agent For Low Permeability Reservoir
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摘要: 低渗透油气藏具有岩石致密、物性差和孔喉细小的特点，外来流体在毛细管力作用下进入储层孔喉中，造成水锁损害，严重影响低渗透储层油气藏的产量。针对这一问题，以全氟辛酸、单乙醇胺和氯乙酸钠为原料制备高性能氟碳防水锁剂（FS-1），通过红外光谱对其结构进行了表征，并研究了该氟碳防锁水剂对盐水溶液在岩心孔喉中水锁性能的影响。结果表明，该防锁水剂显著降低盐水溶液的表面张力（小于15 mN/m），且使蒸馏水在砂岩表面的接触角增大至85.3°，表明防水锁剂FS-1可将岩心表面润湿性由亲水性反转为中性湿，有降低了水相对岩心的水锁损害。另外，防锁水剂FS-1含有多个吸附、抗盐基团，提高分子在岩石表面的吸附能力，且使其耐盐能力达到了7%（NaCl）。渗吸实验、渗透率测试实验和核磁共振实验发现该防水锁剂减缓岩心的自吸作用，降低了岩心孔喉对盐水的束缚能力和岩心的水锁损害，提高了岩心渗透率恢复率。Abstract: Low permeability reservoir has the characteristics of dense rock, poor physical properties and small pore throat. External fluid can enter the pore throats of the reservoir under the action of capillary force, causing water lock damage, which seriously affects the production of low permeability reservoir. To solve this problem, a new type of fluorocarbon waterproof lock agent (FS-1) was prepared with perfluorooctanoic acid, ethanolamine and sodium chloroacetate as raw materials, and its structure was characterized by infrared spectrum, and the effect of fluorocarbon waterproof lock agent on the water-locking performance of brine solution in core pores was studied. The results showed that the waterproof lock agent can significantly reduce the surface tension of the brine solution (＜15 mN/m), and increase the contact angle of the distilled water on the sandstone surface to 85.3°, indicating that the developed waterproof lock agent can change the core surface wettability from hydrophilic to neutral wet, and effectively reduce the water locking damage to the cores. In addition, the waterproof lock agent (FS-1) contains multiple adsorption and salt-resistant groups, which can improve the adsorption ability of the molecule on the rock surface and makes its salt tolerance reach 7% (NaCl). Imbibition experiment, permeability test experiment and nuclear magnetic resonance experiment found that the waterproof lock agent (FS-1) slowed down the self-imbibition of the core, reduced the binding ability of the core pores to salt water and the water locking damage of the core, and improved the recovery rate of the core permeability.
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表 1 砂岩岩心的基本信息
岩心 气测渗透率/ mD 孔隙度/ % 孔隙体积/ mL 12# 0.89 8.43 3.04 13# 0.71 7.26 2.86 15# 1.33 9.64 3.15 19# 1.14 8.84 3.08 
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