Controlled Release of Calcium Chloride from Compounded Waterglass-Calcium Chloride Lost Circulation Material
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摘要: 水玻璃-氯化钙体系是常用的油井堵漏材料，但是水玻璃和氯化钙一接触即快速反应，只能采用双液法进行施工，工序复杂。因此拟对氯化钙进行控释，以期能够将水玻璃-氯化钙混合同时泵注，简化施工。该研究通过使用树脂体系对氯化钙进行包裹完成氯化钙的控释。通过改变体系中氯化钙的加量、交联剂的加量以及单体的种类及配比，考察以上3种因素对控释效果的影响。研究发现，通过树脂对氯化钙进行包裹时，氯化钙与单体的质量比为1∶4、交联剂加量为6%，可将水玻璃-氯化钙体系失去流动性时间延长至105 min。将已包裹氯化钙的树脂粉末进行二次包裹时，氯化钙与单体的质量比为1∶2、一次包裹二次包裹交联剂加量均为6%时，可将水玻璃-氯化钙体系失去流动性时间延长至110 min。在二次包裹的树脂体系中加入氯化钠，可将体系失去流动性时间延长至180 min。通过红外光谱和SEM谱图分析发现，吸水树脂通过减少氯化钙与水玻璃的接触面积来减缓反应的进行，树脂本身不参与水玻璃与氯化钙的反应进程。
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关键词:
- 氯化钙-水玻璃复合堵漏体系 /
- 氯化钙 /
- 控释 /
- 树脂
Abstract: Waterglass-calcium chloride compound is a commonly used lost circulation material. When use this material to control mud losses, the waterglass reacts instantly with calcium chloride as soon as the two chemicals are brought together. Thus, mud loss control with waterglass-calcium chloride compound can only be performed in a complicated “two-liquids” method. To make things easy, the release of calcium chloride from the compound lost circulation material is controlled to try to pump the mixture of waterglass and calcium chloride in one operation. In this study, a resin is used to wrap calcium chloride for controlled release of calcium chloride. By changing the quantities of calcium chloride and the crosslinking agent as well as the type and ratio of the monomers, the effects of these factors on the release of calcium chloride can be understood. The study shows that when wrapping calcium chloride with the resin, if the mass ratio of calcium chloride and the monomer is 1∶4 and the concentration of the crosslinking is 6%, then the time for the waterglass-calcium chloride system to lose fluidity can be extended to 105 min. When the powdered resin wrapping up calcium chloride is rewrapped, if the mass ratio of calcium chloride and the monomer is 1∶2, and the concentrations of the crosslinking agent are both 6% in the first and secondary wrapping, the time for the waterglass-calcium chloride system to lose fluidity can then be extended to 115 min. If sodium chloride is added in the secondary wrapping, then the time for the system to lose fluidity can be extended to 180 min. Analyses with IR spectrum and SEM show that the water-absorbing resin retards the reaction between calcium chloride and waterglass by reducing the contact area between the two chemicals, while the resin itself does not participate in the reaction between waterglass and calcium chloride. -
表 1 氯化钙与AM质量比对实验现象的影响
氯化钙∶AM 实验现象 1∶1 无论固体物质添加顺序如何，
固体物质无法全部溶解3∶4 需要先溶解交联剂，再加入氯化钙进行
溶解，否则固体溶解不完全1∶2 固体物质可全部溶解 1∶4 固体物质可全部溶解 
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表 2 实验现象与吸水树脂中氯化钙含量的关系
吸水树脂粉末中氯化钙的质量
占水玻璃质量的百分比/%实验现象 1 24 h后，体系仍具有
较强流动性3 搅拌均匀后，静置1 min，
体系基本失去流动性5 搅拌均匀后，
体系失去流动性
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表 4 不同交联剂加量完成二次包裹 树脂粉末与水玻璃反应时间
一次包裹
交联剂/%二次包裹
交联剂/%体系失去流动性
时间/min3.0 3.0 40 4.0 3.0 70 5.0 3.0 75 4.0 5.0 75 5.0 5.0 100 5.5 5.5 105 6.0 6.0 110
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