A Preliminary Method for Identifying Xanthan Gum and Welan Gum
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摘要: 温伦胶和黄原胶均属于阴离子生物多糖，具有假塑性流体特性和相似的外观。温伦胶性能优于黄原胶，但价格远高于黄原胶，规范市场应用和鉴别2种生物多糖就显得必要和重要。从红外光谱、黏温性及在固井水泥浆中应用3方面对2种生物胶进行对比。结果表明，2种生物胶的红外光谱极为相似，温伦胶分子结构所特有的鼠李糖环上甲基在（2978±2）cm−1附近产生特有吸收峰；在剪切速率为0.5 s−1、温度扫描为25 ～180 ℃、质量浓度均为0.4 %时，2种生物多糖的黏温曲线呈现截然相反的走势，黄原胶呈向下走势，温伦胶呈向上走势；在65 ℃下，水灰比为1.0的水泥浆中，0.4%同等掺量时，温伦胶可以获得稳定的水泥浆体而黄原胶则难获得。综合利用上述3方面差别，可对黄原胶与温伦胶进行初步鉴别。Abstract: Welan gum and xanthan gum are all anionic bio-saccharide, their water solutions all have pseudo-plastic fluid characteristics and similar appearance. Welan gum has properties that are superior to those of xanthan gum, and its price is much higher than that of xanthan gum, which render necessity and importance to regulate market application and identification of the two bio-saccharides. The characteristics of the two saccharides were compared by IR spectroscopy, viscosity change with temperature and their performance in cement slurries. The results of the experiments show that the two bio gums have generally similar IR spectra, a methyl group on the unique rhamnose ring of the welan gum molecular structure has a unique absorption peak around 2,978 ± 2 cm−1. At shear rate of 0.5 s−1, temperature between 25 ℃ and 180 ℃, and mass concentration of 0.4%, the viscosity – temperature curves of the two gums run against each other; the viscosity of xanthan gum decreases with temperature while the viscosity of welan gum increases with temperature. At 65 ℃, a cement slurry with water/cement ratio of 1.0 treated with 0.4% welan gum has stable properties, while the same cement slurry treated with 0.4% xanthan gum does not. Using these three differences shown by xanthan gum and welan gum together, preliminary identification of xanthan gum and welan gum can be made.
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Key words:
- Infrared spectrum /
- Viscosity-temperature curve /
- Cement slurry /
- Xanthan gum /
- Welan gum /
- Identification
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表 1 水泥浆体旋转黏度及静胶凝值
名称 冷浆（25 ℃） 热浆（65 ℃） φ300/φ3 Gel/（Pa/Pa） φ300/φ3 Gel/（Pa/Pa） XC-1 63/22 40/26 43/3 12/3 XC-2 68/23 42/29 48/7 12/4 WG-1 126/14 31/17 135/25 40/25 WG-2 145/24 39/26 143/30 48/31 
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表 2 水泥浆体稳定性及其稠化实验状况
名称 浆体稳定性 稠化实验状况 自由基
液BP实验密度/
（g·cm−3）(上/中/下)XC-1 有 1.44/1.48/1.53 曲线不正常，有“包芯” XC-2 有 1.41/1.45/1.55 曲线不正常，有“包芯” WG-1 无 1.49/1.50/1.51 正常 WG-2 无 1.50/1.50/1.50 正常
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