Using RSM to Determine Electric Gel Breaking Conditions for Waste High Density Water Based Drilling Fluids
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摘要: 随着深层、超深层油气资源开发力度的不断加大，地层压力逐渐升高，高密度废弃钻井液处理量也不断增长。传统的化学絮凝剂存在成本高、普适性差及潜在的二次污染等问题，利用外加电场是高密度废弃钻井液绿色处理的新手段。在单因素实验的基础上，运用响应曲面法（RSM）研究了电流强度、破胶时间、极板间距3个因素及其交互作用对钻井液体系的Zeta电位和粒径分布的影响。结果表明，在电流强度为8 A、极板间距为3 cm、破胶时间为10 min的条件下，废弃钻井液破胶效果达到最优。破胶后的钻井液体系的Zeta电位上升率为38.29 %，达到了−26.2 mV，其体系的粒径分布D90达到了562.5 μm。废弃钻井液体系的胶体稳定性得以破坏，为后续体系中有用组分的回收及废弃组分的处理工作提供有力支撑。Abstract: As oil and gas wells are drilled deeper and deeper, higher formation pressures need to be balanced with high density drilling fluids, and this leads to another problems: the treatment of more and more high density waste muds. Waste muds are generally treated with chemical flocculants and problems such as high treatment cost, poor universality and potential secondary pollution are the norm. In a study an electric field was applied to treat a high density waste mud. Based on the results of a single-factor experiment, the effects of three factors, i.e., current intensity, time of gel breaking and the distance between two electrodes, as well as the interaction of the three factors on the Zeta potential and particle size distribution of the drilling fluid were studied using response surface methodology (RSM). It was found that an optimum gel breaking can be obtained when the electric current intensity = 8 A, the time of gel breaking = 10 min, and the distance between two electrodes = 3 cm. After gel breaking, the Zeta potential of the drilling fluid was increased by 38.29%, reaching −26.2 mV, and the particle size distribution factor D90 reached 562.5 μm, indicating that the gel stability of the waste drilling fluid was broken, and this provided a powerful support to the subsequent recovery of the useful mud components as well as the treatment of the waste portion of the waste drilling fluid.
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表 1 CCD设计方案及响应值
实验编号 电流强度/A t破胶/min 极板间距/cm D90/μm ζ/mV 1 6 5.0 3 220.0 −33.75 2 10 5.0 3 910.0 −28.94 3 6 10.0 3 140.0 −34.30 4 10 10.0 3 811.6 −30.12 5 6 5.0 5 660.0 −28.53 6 10 5.0 5 1138.0 −26.57 7 6 10.0 5 217.3 −30.80 8 10 10.0 5 1065.0 −27.33 9 6 7.5 4 180.0 −35.33 10 10 7.5 4 1024.0 −29.46 11 8 5.0 4 506.4 −27.92 12 8 10.0 4 208.2 −31.33 13 8 7.5 3 198.4 −32.45 14 8 7.5 5 562.5 −26.18 15 8 7.5 4 250.6 −30.94 16 8 7.5 4 290.0 −30.56 17 8 7.5 4 250.0 −30.33 18 8 7.5 4 270.0 −29.88 19 8 7.5 4 260.8 −31.04 20 8 7.5 4 310.8 −28.66 
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表 2 响应曲面的方差分析结果
项 效应 系数 标准误差 T值 P值 显著性 粒径分布 X1 706.300 353.100 23.400 15.09 0 显著 X2 −198.500 −99.200 23.400 −4.24 0.002 显著 X3 272.600 136.300 23.400 5.82 0 显著 X12 532.300 266.200 44.600 5.96 0 显著 X22 42.900 21.400 44.600 0.48 0.641 不显著 X32 89.200 44.600 44.600 1.00 0.341 不显著 X1X2 87.800 43.900 26.200 1.68 0.124 不显著 X1X3 −9 .000 −4.500 26.200 −0.17 0.867 不显著 X2X3 −84.300 −42.200 26.200 −1.61 0.138 不显著 Zeta电位 X1 4.059 2.029 0.345 5.88 0 显著 X2 −1.633 −0.816 0.345 −2.37 0.040 显著 X3 4.031 2.016 0.345 5.84 0 显著 X12 −3.724 −1.862 0.658 −2.83 0.018 不显著 X22 1.819 0.910 0.658 1.38 0.197 不显著 X32 2.439 1.220 0.658 1.85 0.093 不显著 X1X2 0.218 0.109 0.386 0.28 0.783 不显著 X1X3 −0.892 −0.446 0.386 −1.16 0.275 不显著 X2X3 −0.325 −0.162 0.386 −0.42 0.682 不显著
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