Study and Application of an Oil-based Gel Fluid for Sealing Induced Micro-fractures
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摘要: 四川长宁区块油基井段龙马溪组地层诱导型微裂缝发育，漏失频繁，油基堵漏手段主要为颗粒型桥堵，成功率低，耗时较长，为此研发了一套基于动植物油脂和环氧树脂的复合油基凝胶，可侵入地层微裂缝进行封堵，提高堵漏成功率。考虑到现场应用的可行性，室内对该凝胶的抗压强度、稠化时间、抗油基钻井液侵污能力进行了评价，并进行了模拟堵漏评价。结果表明，该凝胶的抗压强度可达5.1 MPa；凝胶的成胶时间可控制在3 h以上，提供了足够的安全施工时间；油基钻井液侵污对凝胶强度影响小，且不缩短稠化时间。该油基凝胶的各项性能指标表明其适用于油基段微裂缝堵漏。Abstract: The Longmaxi formation in the Changning block (Sichuan Oilfield) is drilled with oil-based drilling fluids. This formation is developed with microfractures and hence mud losses have frequently happened in the past. Mud losses have been controlled with bridging particles formulated in oil-based slurries, which has been proved unsuccessful and time consuming. To deal with this problem, a compound oil-based gel has been developed with animal fats, vegetable oils and epoxy resin. This oil-based gel can invade into the fractures in the formation rocks to seal them off, thereby increasing the success rate of mud loss control. Considering the practicability of field application, the compressive strength, thickening time and performance against contamination from oil-based muds of this gel were evaluated in laboratory test, and its ability to combat mud losses was also evaluated. The laboratory test results have shown that the gel has compressive strength of 5.1 MPa, and the gelling time can be controlled at more than 3 hours, which is enough to perform field operation safely. Oil-based drilling fluids have only a very slight effect on the gel strength of the gel and do not cause the thickening time of the gel to shorten. All properties of the oil-based gel indicate that it is suitable for use in controlling mud losses through microfractures in hole sections drilled with oil-based drilling fluids.
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表 1 悬浮剂与乳化剂对浆体流态及稳定性的影响
树脂/% 悬浮剂 MT150/% FV/s △ρ3 h/(g·cm−3) 10 0 1 53 0.91 10 0.5%B38 0 54 0.88 10 0.5%B38 1 59 0.21 10 1.0%B38 2 65 0.04 10 2.0%B38 2 80 0.02 10 0.5%MT005 1 60 0.13 10 0.5%MT005 2 62 0.05 10 1.0%MT005 2 65 0.02 10 1.0%MT005 3 66 0.02 
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表 2 树脂加量对浆体流态及稳定性的影响
树脂/% MT005/% MT150/% FV/s △ρ3 h/(g·cm−3) 10 1.0 2 65 0.02 20 1.0 2 70 0.02 30 1.0 2 75 0.05 30 1.0 3 77 0.02 30 0.8 3 74 0.03 40 0.8 3 81 0.03 40 0.5 3 77 0.07
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表 3 现场憋挤压力与油基复合凝胶挤入量
P憋挤/MPa t稳压/min 凝胶挤入量/m3 0.5 150 1.8 1.0 15 0.7 2.0 15 0.5 3.0 15 0.5 4.0 30 1.2 5.0 30 0.4 6.0 240 0.1
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