顺北油气田用抗高温弱凝胶防气侵钻井液体系

赵海洋; 范胜; 连世鑫; 李双贵; 陈修平; 可点

doi:10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2023.03.008

顺北油气田用抗高温弱凝胶防气侵钻井液体系

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2023.03.008

1.
中国石化西北油田分公司石油工程技术研究院, 乌鲁木齐 830011
2.
中国石化西北油田分公司石油工程监督中心, 新疆轮台841600
3.
荆州嘉华科技有限公司, 湖北荆州 434000

基金项目: 中石化科技项目“塔里木盆地特深层钻完井工程技术示范”（P21081-6）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵海洋，1973年生，博士，教授级高级工程师，现在从事油气井工程技术研究及管理工作。E-mail：zhaohy@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE254.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-05
- 修回日期: 2023-02-21
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-21
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-30

Study on High Temperature Gas-Cut Resistant Weak Gel Drilling Fluid in Shunbei Oil and Gas Field

1.
Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011
2.
Petroleum Engineering Supervision Center of Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company, Luntai, Xinjiang 841600
3.
Jingzhou Jiahua Technology Co., Ltd., Jingzhou, HuBei 434000

摘要

摘要: 顺北油气田奥陶系一间房组和鹰山组的碳酸盐岩储层微裂缝发育且气层活跃，钻井液受气侵严重，主要存在油气上窜速度快，频次高，程度严重，漏涌同存等气侵特点。分析总结了顺北油气田现用防气侵方法和存在的问题，提出使用弱凝胶钻井液体系防气侵的对策。为提高该体系的抗高温性及防气侵效果，研制出高温稳定剂MG-HT、抗高温流型调节剂JHVIS、抗高温降滤失剂JHFLO和耐温封堵剂JHSEAL，并优选了其他配套处理剂，形成一套抗温效果好、堵气和承压能力强的抗高温弱凝胶防气侵钻井液体系。该体系抗温可达180 ℃，密度可达1.8 g/cm³，具有较好的流变性、降滤失性和抗污染性；此外，体系的φ₆和φ₃读数均大于5，低剪切速率黏度大于15 000 mPa·s，正向承压能力大于5 MPa，反向承压能力高于1 MPa，具有良好的防气侵效果。为顺北油气田碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层的安全、快速勘探和开发提供了技术支持。
- 防气侵 /
- 弱凝胶钻井液 /
- 碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层 /
- 顺北油气田 /
- 高温稳定剂
Abstract: The carbonate Yijianfang formation and the Yingshan formation of the Ordovician system in the Shunbei oil and gas field is developed with microfractures and active gas zones. Serious and frequent CH₄ and CO₂ gas cut ascended fast in the annular spaces, leading to coexistence of mud losses and well blow-out. To prevent gas cut, previous experiences obtained in the Shunbei oil and gas field were borrowed and analyzed, and a high temperature weak gel drilling fluid was developed to deal with the gas cut problem. Several additives were used to formulate this drilling fluid, such as a high temperature stabilizer MG-HT, a high temperature rheology modifier JHVIS, a high temperature filter loss reducer JHFLO and a high temperature plugging agent JHSEAL, as well as other additives selected for this drilling fluid. This drilling fluid has high temperature resistance to 180 °C, good plugging capacity to gas cut and is able to improve the pressure bearing capacity of the formations. This drilling fluid can be weighted to 1.8 g/cm³ and has good rheology, filtration property and contamination resistance. The 6-RPM and 3-RPM readings of the drilling fluid measured on a 6-speed direct-reading rheometer are both greater than 5, and the low-shear-rate viscosity of the drilling fluid is greater than 15,000 mPa·s. Formations strengthened with this drilling fluid have forward and backward pressure bearing capacities of greater than 5 MPa and 1 MPa, respectively. This weak gel drilling fluid, with good gas cut preventing capacity, has provided a technical support to the safe, fast exploration and development of the fractured carbonate reservoirs in the Shunbei oil and gas field.
- Gas cut prevention /
- Weak gel drilling fluid /
- Fractured carbonate reservoir /
- Shunbei oil and gas field /
- High temperature stabilizer

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图 1 流型调节剂JHVIS加量对体系性能的影响

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图 2 抗高温降滤失剂JHFLO扫描电镜图和外观图

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图 3 耐温封堵剂加量对钻井液性能影响

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图 4 弱凝胶钻井液体系的抑制性能评价

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图 5 弱凝胶钻井液体系高温降解性能评价

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表 1 高温稳定剂加量对体系性能影响

MG-HT/ %	状态	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	FL_API/ mL	FL_HTHP/ mL	LSRV/ mPa·s
0	滚前	42	30	12	14/12
0	滚后	27	24	3	2.5/2	5.6	19.2	3200
0.5	滚前	45	32	13	14/12
0.5	滚后	34	28	6	6/4	3.2	12.6	9200
1.0	滚前	49	34	15	14/13
1.0	滚后	38	30	8	8/6	2.8	11.8	14 800
1.5	滚前	56	38	18	15/13
1.5	滚后	41	32	9	10/8	2.4	12.2	16 200
2.0	滚前	67	46	21	15/13
2.0	滚后	48	36	12	10/9	2.0	11.6	17 400
注：钻井液配方：水+65%甲酸钠+250%HCOOK+1%NaOH+0.5%Na₂CO₃+0.5%消泡剂Desil+1%PCD156+0.5%JHVIS+2%JHFLO+2%JHSEAL+重晶石，密度为1.80 g/cm³；实验条件：在180 ℃热滚16 h，在50 ℃测试流变性。

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表 2 弱凝胶钻井液体系抗温性能评价

T/℃	条件	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	FL_API/ mL	FL_HTHP/ mL	LSRV/ mPa·s
	滚前	48	32	16	14/12
120	滚后	46	30	16	13/12	1.6	60	32 000
140	滚后	52	38	14	13/11	2.0	7.4	26 500
160	滚后	58	44	14	12/10	2.6	8.2	23 300
170	滚后	52	42	10	10/8	2.6	8.8	18 800
180	滚后	50	42	8	10/8	3.0	10.6	14 800
190	滚后	40	36	4	8/6	4.6	16.2	4800
注：配方：水+60%甲酸钠+250%HCOOK+1%NaOH+0.5%Na₂CO₃+0.5%Desil+1%MG-HT+1%PCD156+0.5%JHVIS+2%JHFLO+2%JHSEAL+重晶石（1.80 g/cm³）；条件：180 ℃ 热滚16 h后在50 ℃测试。

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表 3 弱凝胶钻井液体系加重性能评价

ρ/ g·cm⁻³	加重剂	条件	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	FL_API/ mL	LSRV/ mPa·s
1.2	HCOONa	滚前	38	31	7	6/5	2.6	15000
1.4	HCOONa+ HCOOK	滚后	44	36	8	8/6	2.6	14800
1.6	HCOONa+ HCOOK+ 重晶石	滚后	48	40	8	8/6	2.8	15200
1.8	HCOONa+ HCOOK+ 重晶石	滚后	52	43	9	10/8	2.6	15500
2.0	HCOONa+ HCOOK+ 重晶石	滚后	58	48	10	10/8	3.0	16800

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表 4 弱凝胶钻井液体系润滑性能评价

JHSLIP/ %	条件	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/ φ₃	EP	FL_API/ mL	K_f
0	滚后	50	40	10	10/8	0.1580	2.6	0.1326
3	滚后	68	54	14	9/7	0.0860	2.8	0.0764

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表 5 弱凝胶钻井液体系抗污染性能评价

污染物	条件	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/ φ₃	FL_API/ mL	LSRV/ mPa·s
0	滚后	52	42	10	10/8	2.6	15 600
2%NaCl	滚后	60	50	10	7/6	3.4	14 800
4%NaCl	滚后	68	59	9	5/4	3.2	12 400
6%NaCl	滚后	72	63	9	5/3	3.4	10 600
1%CaCl₂	滚后	54	43	11	8/6	3.0	13 800
2%CaCl₂	滚后	58	46	12	7/5	3.4	11 400
1%CaSO₄	滚后	52	42	10	7/5	3.6	13 600
2%CaSO₄	滚后	62	50	12	6/4	3.8	10 400
8%CaCl₂+ 4%NaCl	滚后	70	61	9	5/4	3.0	11 200
5%模拟地层水	滚后	60	53	7	5/3	3.4	10 400
10%模拟地层水	滚后	48	42	6	5/3	2.8	9600

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表 6 弱凝胶钻井液体系储层保护性能评价

岩心号	ρ/ g·cm⁻³	K_o/ mD	K_d/ mD	K_d/K_o/ %	酸化处理后渗透率恢复值/%
1^#	1.20	10.64	8.52	80.1	90.4
2^#	1.80	6.62	3.98	60.1	75.8
3^#	1.80	4.93	3.08	62.5	76.6

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表 7 弱凝胶钻井液体系高温高压流变性能评价

T/℃	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	YP/PV/ Pa/mPa·s	φ₆/φ₃
50	52	40	12	0.30	10/8
65	51	40	11	0.28	10/8
100	47	37	10	0.27	9/7
120	43	34	9	0.26	8/6
150	38	30	8	0.27	8/5
180	30	24	6	0.25	7/5

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表 8 弱凝胶钻井液体系岩心驱替封堵防气侵性能评价

缝宽/ mm	正向液驱压力/MPa	完全封堵前漏失量/mL	正向气驱压力/MPa	反相气驱压力/MPa
0.02	10	0	>3	>1.0
0.05	10	0.4	>3	>1.0
0.10	10	0.8	>3	>1.2
0.20	10	0.6	>4	>2.0
0.30	10	0.2	>4	>1.8
0.40	10	0.1	>5	>2.2
0.50	10	0.4	>5	>1.8
注：钻井液配方：水+60%甲酸钠+250%HCOOK+1%NaOH+0.5%Na₂CO₃+0.5%消泡剂Desil+1%MG-HT+1%PCD156+0.5%JHVIS+2%JHFLO+2%JHSEAL+5%JQWY+重晶石，密度为1.80 g/cm³；钻井液在180 ℃热滚16 h。

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