固井用高温缓凝剂的研究与应用

凌勇; 于倩倩; 马如然; 李小林; 张呈星; 郑其林; 林志辉

doi:10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2023.02.009

固井用高温缓凝剂的研究与应用

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2023.02.009

中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司第二固井分公司, 天津300280

基金项目: 渤海钻探博士创新基金项目“抗温240 ℃油井水泥降失水剂、缓凝剂分子结构设计及合成工艺研究”（2022BC72F）

详细信息

作者简介:
凌勇，工程师，1988年生，毕业于中国石油大学（北京）应用化学专业，现在从事固井水泥浆及外加剂的研究工作。电话（022）25961706；E-mail：ling_yong@cnpc.com.cn

中图分类号: TE256.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-11
- 修回日期: 2022-12-23
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-30

Study and Application of a High Temperature Retarding Agent for Well Cementing

Cementing Branch of CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Tianjin, 300280

摘要

摘要: 针对油井水泥常用的AMPS/IA共聚物类缓凝剂在130～150 ℃区间易出现稠化时间“倒挂”现象，影响固井施工安全和固井质量的问题。通过AMPS和IA单体进行自由基溶液共聚，在共聚过程中与乙二胺四乙酸二钠EDTA-2Na、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵CTAC复配，研制了一种可防止高温稠化时间倒挂的缓凝剂BH-R103L，并对其综合性能进行了评价。评价结果表明：BH-R103L具有可靠的抗温及调凝效果，加有BH-R103L的水泥浆体系在120～150 ℃范围内稠化时间可调，150 ℃下加量为2%(BWOC)时，水泥浆的稠化时间大于300 min，稠化时间与加量呈线性关系，稠化时间倒挂现象消除、初始稠度低、温度和加量敏感性小、稠化线形正常、与AMPS类高温降失水剂配伍性良好，能抑制高温浆体“包心”现象，在60 ℃下养护的水泥石抗压强度发展快，其他综合性能均满足固井施工要求。BH-R103L在四川泸州区块泸203H153平台深井页岩层进行了现场应用，声幅测井检测封固段固井质量合格。
- 高温缓凝剂 /
- 自由基聚合 /
- 倒挂 /
- 固井 /
- 固井质量
Abstract: At temperatures between 130 ℃ and 150 ℃, a cement slurry treated with the commonly used retarding agent AMPS/IA has a thickening time that is longer than the thickening time at lower temperatures. This is an abnormal phenomenon that is risky to the well cementing operation and negatively affects the quality of cementing jobs. In laboratory experiment, AMPS and IA were reacted with each other through radical solution copolymerization. During the copolymerization, EDTA-2Na (disodium ethylene-diamine tetra-acetic acid) and CTAC (cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) were added to compound with the copolymerization product. The final product of the copolymerization, BH-R103L, is a retarding agent which can be used to prevent the abnormal thickening time. Comprehensive evaluation of the retarding agent BH-R103L revealed that it has reliable high temperature resistance and gel strength adjustment property. A cement slurry treated with BH-R103L has a thickening time that is adjustable between 120 ℃ and 150 ℃. At 150 ℃, a cement slurry treated with 2% (BWOC) BH-R103L has a thickening time longer than 300 min, and the thickening time has a linear relationship with the concentration of BH-R103L in the cement slurry. Using BH-R103L, the abnormal thickening time is eliminated, the cement slurry has a low initial consistency, the temperature and concentration sensitivity become low, and the thickening timeline becomes normal. BH-R103L has good compatibility with high temperature filter loss reducers such as AMPS, and can be used to inhibit “soft core” phenomenon of a cement slurry at elevated temperatures. Cured at 60 ℃, the set cement has a strength that develops very fast, other general properties of the set cement all satisfy the needs of well cementing operation. BH-R103L has been used in the cementing operation on the 203H153 platform in Luzhou block, Sichuan Province, sonic logging results showed that the cementing job quality met the designed requirements.
- High temperature retarding agent /
- Radical polymerization /
- Abnormal /
- Well cementing /
- Quality of well cementing

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图 1 不同温度下BH-R103L加量与水泥浆稠化时间的关系

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图 2 BH-R103L 加量为2.0%的水泥浆稠化曲线（140 ℃）

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图 3 BH-R103L加量为1.0%时不同温度下的水泥浆稠化曲线

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图 4 泸 203H153-xx井领浆的稠化曲线

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图 5 泸 203H153-xx井尾浆的稠化曲线

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表 1 缓凝剂中EDTA-2Na和CTAC加量对水泥浆的影响

EDTA-2Na/%	CTAC/%	T/℃	稠化线形	t_稠化/min
0.15	0	130	鼓包	170
		140	鼓包、台阶	153
		150	鼓包	141
0	0.8	130	正常	122
		140	正常	140
		150	正常	146
0.12	1.0	130	正常	189
		140	正常	162
		150	正常	143
注：水泥浆配方：药王山G级水泥+35%硅粉+5%降失水剂BH-F201L+1%BH-R103L+水，密度为1.90 g/cm³

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表 2 温度和加量变化对BH-R103L缓凝性能的影响

BH-R103L/g	T/℃	P/MPa	t_过渡/min	t_稠化/min	R/%
5.4	130	65	6	172	9.0
6.0	130	65	5	189
6.6	130	65	5	201	6.4
6.0	135	67	3	174	7.9
6.0	125	62	6	198	4.5
注：水泥浆配方：药王山G级水泥+35%硅粉+5%降失水剂BH-F201L+BH-R103L+水，密度为1.90 g/cm³

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表 3 BH-R103L与常用降失水剂的配伍性能

降失水剂	BH-R103L/%	FL_API/mL	初始稠度/Bc	t_稠化/min
BH-F201L	0	38
	1	36	11	189
	2	40	10	342
	3	38
HX-12L	0	42
	1	38	13	177
	2	36	11	325
	3	36
G33S	0	28
	1	34	13	182
	2	38	16	331
	3	36
DRF-1S	0	36
	1	36	15	196
	2	34	16	348
	3	40
注：水泥浆配方：药王山G级水泥+35%硅粉+降失水剂+缓凝剂+水，密度为1.90 g/cm³。其中，液体降失水剂加量为5%，固体降失水剂为3.5%，实验温度为130 ℃

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表 4 加有BH-R103L的水泥浆流变性能

BH-R103L/ %	Τ/ ℃	φ₁₀₀	φ₂₀₀	φ ₃₀₀	n	K/ Pa·sⁿ	流动度/ cm
0	27	62	80	109	0.51	2.26	21
2.0	27	54	65	100	0.56	1.55	22
0	130	35	49	67	0.59	0.88	23
1.0	130	30	44	58	0.60	0.70	24
2.0	130	29	39	59	0.65	0.53	24
2.5	150	23	31	48	0.67	0.38	24
注：水泥浆配方：药王山G级水泥+35%硅粉+5%降失水剂BH-F201L+x%BH-R103L+自来水，密度为1.90 g/cm³

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表 5 BH-R103L对水泥石抗压强度的影响

BH-R103L/ %	T_BHCT/ ℃	t_稠化/ min	P_养护/ MPa	p_{24 h}/ MPa	60 ℃顶部抗压强度/MPa
BH-R103L/ %	T_BHCT/ ℃	t_稠化/ min	P_养护/ MPa	p_{24 h}/ MPa	24 h	48 h	72 h
1.5	120	313	21	30.1	14.5	22.3	23.5
2.0	130	342	21	31.6	12.1	17.9	21.7
2.0	140	311	21	34.5	12.1	17.9	21.7
2.5	150	362	21	36.2	9.6	15.8	20.1
注：水泥浆配方：药王山G级水泥+35%硅粉+5%降失水剂BH-F201L+x%BH-R103L+自来水，密度为1.90 g/cm³

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表 6 掺有BH-R103L的水泥浆综合性能

T_BHCT/ ℃	BH-R103L/ %	流动度/ cm	FL/ mL	t_稠化/ min	t_过渡/ min	游离液/ %	沉降稳定性/ g·cm⁻³	p_{48 h}/ MPa
110	1.0	21	34	296	8	0	0.01	25.2
120	1.5	22	32	283	6	0	0	26.9
130	2.0	22	36	301	4	0	0	26.1
140	2.5	23	40	330	5	0	0.01	25.4
150	2.7	23	34	313	3	0	0.01	29.3

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参考文献(10)

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