Study on Supramolecular Gel Temporary Plugging Agent for Shale Gas Reservoir Fracturing
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摘要: 基于超分子化学原理研制的超分子凝胶暂堵剂，其适用于地层温度在90～110 ℃页岩气藏，并且具有稳定时间可调、强度高、解堵易的特点，可实现微裂缝以及深部裂缝屏蔽暂堵。利用β-CD作为主体，以SES作为客体，通过添加助剂构筑了一种新型的温度响应性超分子凝胶暂堵剂体系SCD12，通过表征手段证明了暂堵剂体系各组分之间存在超分子作用。并对其破胶残渣量、配伍性、流变、暂堵性能进行了测试。结果表明，暂堵剂体系SCD12在常温下为液态，黏度低而易于泵入。升温后能够迅速的封堵裂缝，即使破胶后黏度出现下降，仍然能够在一定的温度范围内实现有效封堵。其动态封堵能力为168.06 MPa·m−1，封堵性能好，岩心伤害率为9.3%，可以满足页岩气开发的暂堵转向压裂要求，是一种具有应有前景的新型暂堵剂。Abstract: A supramolecular gel temporary plugging agent suitable for use in shale gas reservoirs of 90-110 ℃ was developed based on the principle of supramolecule chemistry. It has several advantages such as adjustable stable time, high strengths and ease of being removed. These advantages make it suitable for temporarily plugging micro-fractures and deep fractures.The new temperature-responsive supramolecular gel temporary plugging agent SCD12 was developed with β-CD as the host and SES as the guest, as well as other additives. Characterization of SCD12 shows that there is a supramolecular action among different components of the plugging agent. SCD12 was tested for the weight of residue after gel breaking, compatibility, rheology and temporary plugging performance. These experiments show that SCD12 is in a liquid form in room temperature and has low viscosity and hence good pumpability. At elevated temperatures, SCD12 can quickly plug fractures. SCD12 can effectively plug fractures in a certain temperature range even after gel breaking which results in viscosity reduction. The dynamic plugging capacity of SCD12 is 168.06 MPa·m-1. Percent permeability loss of a rock sample by SCD12 is 9.3%. These advantages of SCD12 satisfy the needs of temporary plugging in diverting fracturing of shale gas reservoirs, and make SCD12 a new promising temporary plugging agent.
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表 1 不同溶剂构筑超分子凝胶成胶状态
溶剂-助剂 原始状态 升温后状态 H2O-LC 白色凝胶 升温后部分变澄清 DMSO-LC 透明液体 无变化 DMEA-LC 白色液体 略微变稠 DMI-LC 透明液体 无变化 DMAc-LC 透明液体 生成白色凝胶，持
续升温可实现破胶DMF-LC 透明液体 生成白色凝胶，持
续升温可实现破胶
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表 4 SCD12体系110 ℃与120 ℃静态滤失量
滤失时长/
minFL110 ℃/
mLFL120 ℃/
mL3 5.78 6.46 6 5.60 5.59 9 5.57 5.70 12 5.12 4.80 15 5.21 4.62 18 4.55 3.65 21 4.10 1.16 24 2.90 0 27 2.61 0 30 1.41 0 35 1.02 0 40 0 0 50 0 0 60 0 0
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表 5 岩心伤害率测试结果
暂堵前驱替压力稳定值/
MPa暂堵前岩心渗透率/
mD解堵后驱替压力稳定值/
MPa暂堵前岩心渗透率/
mD岩心伤害率/
%0.63 26.4516 0.69 23.9841 9.3
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