Study on Concentration Responsive Water Thixotropic Material and Plugging Technology of Water Bearing Leakage Layer
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摘要: 常规堵漏浆易被地层水稀释、置换或冲走，稳定性发生破坏，导致封堵失败，含水漏失层的堵漏一直是世界性难题。为此，研发了一种浓度响应型水触变堵漏剂，其包括浓度响应处理剂SMF及增溶剂SMZ，水触变剂的水溶液流动性好，对混入的水有一定容纳限，在容纳限以内仍能保持好的流变性与稳定性，但当水的混入量超过容纳限后SMF便发生自聚合，沉淀生成具有一定黏稠、挂壁性强和可变性的三维网状结构半固体凝胶，浓度响应范围和容纳限均可以通过调整2种处理剂的配比和加量进行调控，进而研制了新型水触变堵漏技术。水触变桥接堵漏浆能够在流水下滞留，滞留物在水中的黏结力达到1.166 MPa，达到专用黏结剂在空气条件下的黏结能力；水触变固结堵漏浆不被地层水稀释且能在水中固化。该技术在SHB5-15H井应用中成功封堵了含水漏层，且配制简单、安全性好，水下滞留能力强，为解决含水漏层的封堵问题提供了一种便捷安全高效的新型堵漏技术，具有很好的应用前景。Abstract: The conventional plugging slurry is easy to be diluted、replaced or washed away by formation water, so plugging in containing water formation is a worldwide problem. Therefore, a concentration responsive water thixotropic plugging agent has been developed, which including concentration responsive treatment agent SMF and solubilizer SMZ. The solution of water thixotropic agent has good fluidity, has a certain limition for the mixed water, and can still maintain good rheology and stability within the tolerance limition. However, when the water exceeds the tolerance limition, SMF will change to three dimensional network structure semisolid gels which has certain hardness、viscosity by self polymerize. Concentration response range and Limition of water can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio and dosage of SMF and SMZ, and a new water thixotropic plugging technology is developed. The water thixotropic bridging plugging slurry can be retained under flowing water, and the adhesion of the retained material in water reaches 1.166 MPa. Water thixotropic consolidation plugging slurry is not diluted by formation water and can be solidified in water. The plugging technology has applicated in SHB5-15H well,and successfully blocks the water bearing leakage layer. The plugging technology is simple preparated, and has good safety and strong underwater retention capacity. It provides a convenient、safe and efficient new plugging technology to solve the plugging problem of water bearing leakage layer, and has a good application prospect.
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Key words:
- Water leakage layer /
- Plugging /
- Water proofing /
- Water thixotropy /
- Retention of plugging agent
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表 1 部分含活跃水的缝洞漏失层的漏失量及堵漏情况
井号 层位 井深/m t堵漏/d 漏失量/m3 备注 春生1 雷口坡-嘉陵江 1452～1768 55 60 951 改变井身结构 胜页1 嘉陵江 625～701 35 41 500 改变井身结构 彭页2 大冶组 132～379 48 10 057 挪井位 焦页64-2 雷口坡 1254～1264 42 26 853 强钻 顺北5-5 志留系 5565～5810 110 1522 改变井身结构 顺北52X 志留系 5565～6725 134 2463 挪井位 
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表 2 不同浓度SMF对SMZ的最低需求量
SMF/% SMZ/g φ600 φ300 φ200 φ100 φ6 φ3 外观 75 0 很黏稠透明液 50 3 14 11 8 5 3 2 透明澄清溶液 30 6 9 8 4 2 1 1 透明澄清溶液 25 8 8 6 3 2 1 1 透明澄清溶液 20 10 6 4 3 2 1 1 透明澄清溶液 10 10 5 3 2 1 1 1 透明澄清溶液 注：SMZ为有效含量15%的水溶液，SMF溶液全部取100 g
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表 3 SMZ加量对SMF水溶液黏度的影响规律
SMZ/g φ600 φ300 φ200 φ100 φ6 φ3 水溶液外观 0 沉淀分层 2 19 16 12 9 4 3 溶液浑浊，黏度计上
黏附一层絮状物3 14 11 8 5 3 2 澄清透明溶液 5 10 8 5 2 1 1 澄清透明溶液 6 10 7 5 2 1 1 澄清透明溶液 注：SMF最终浓度保持为50%，SMZ为有效含量为15%的水溶液。
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表 4 水加量对于SMF溶液透光度及 Zeta电位的影响
SMF/% 水/g 透光率/% ξ/mV 目测效果 50.0 0 100（校正值） −58 透明溶液 47.6 5 107 −54 透明溶液 45.5 10 125 −49 透明溶液 43.5 15 86 −33 透明溶液 41.7 20 37 −7 有浑浊 40.0 25 16 −3 浑浊溶液 35.7 40 分层
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表 5 水触变剂对常规桥接堵漏配方的影响
堵漏配方 φ600 2 mm裂缝 承压/MPa 1# 237 封堵成功 4 1#+40%水 166 封堵失败 1#+30%SMF+
1%SMZ256 封堵成功 7 1#+30%SMF+
1%SMZ+40%水液固分层，固体黏稠，
整体搅拌不均匀封堵成功 7
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表 6 不同温度下水触变剂对水泥浆稠化性能的影响
触变剂 t稠化/min p/MPa 55 ℃ 100 ℃ 120 ℃ 24 h、80 ℃ 0 170 138 120 17 30%SMF+1%SMZ 256 176 116 19 注：水泥浆配方：油井水泥+缓凝剂+水 ，密度为1.89 g/cm3
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