The Development and Application of High-Temperature and High-Performance Water Base Drilling Fluid on the well Shunbei 801X
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摘要: 顺北801X井是塔里木盆地顺托果勒区块的一口重点探井，完钻井深为9145 m，最大井斜为71°，水平位移为1075.77 m，为国内陆上采用水基钻井液完钻的最深定向井。针对顺北801X井高温高压地层的特点，通过优选抗温处理剂，优化钻井液性能参数，研制出一套密度达2.0 g/cm3的高性能水基钻井液体系。室内评价结果表明，该钻井液抗温可达200 ℃，在高温下具有良好的流变性能，能较好地封堵泥页岩微裂缝，在180 ℃下的滤失量为13.8 mL，滤饼质量薄且有韧性，能抗CO32−、HCO3−污染及盐水侵污染。现场应用表明，该钻井液在高温井段性能稳定，维护简单，起下钻顺利，未出现复杂情况，保证了井下安全、快速钻进，该井试油产量折算油气当量达1007.6 t。该钻井液的成功应用，为顺北区块后续施工井钻井液体系的优选提供很好的借鉴。Abstract: The well 801X in Shunbei area is a key exploratory well located in the Shuntuoguole block in Tarim Basin. This well has total depth of 9,145 m, maximum well angle of 71° and horizontal displacement of 1,075.77 m. To deal with the high temperature high pressure problems encountered during drilling, a high performance water based drilling fluid with density of 2.0 g/cm3 was developed by high temperature additive selection and drilling fluid parameter optimization. Laboratory experimental results have shown that this drilling fluid can function normally at temperatures up to 200 ℃. It has good rheology at high temperatures and can effectively plug the microfractures developed in the shale formations. Filtration rate of this drilling fluid at 180 ℃ was 13.8 mL, and the mud cake was thin and tough. This drilling fluid can also stand the contamination from CO32-, HCO3- and salt water. Field application has shown that this drilling fluid had stable properties in drilling the high temperature formations, and its properties were easy to maintain. Tripping of drilling tools was done smoothly, and no downhole troubles were encountered. The well was safely drilled in high rate of penetration. In well testing, the converted oil and gas equivalent was 1,007.6 t. The development of this drilling fluid has provided a useful reference for the optimization of drilling fluids for subsequent drilling operations in the Shunbei block.
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Key words:
- Water based drilling fluid /
- Shale /
- High temperature resistant /
- CO2 contamination /
- Shunbei block
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表 1 不同聚合物对钻井液流变性能的影响
聚合物 实验
条件AV/
mPa·sPV/
mPa·sYP/
Paφ6/φ3 Gel/
Pa/Pa1.0%NX-1 老化前 66.0 59 7.0 7/6 3.0/8.0 200 ℃、16 h 43.0 39 4.0 3/2 1.5/2.0 1.0%DSP-1 老化前 37.5 29 8.5 4/3 1.5/3.5 200 ℃、16 h 26.5 23 3.5 3/2 1.0/2.0 0.5%NX-1+
0.5%DSP-1老化前 48.0 37 11.0 5/4 2.0/5.5 200 ℃、16 h 46.0 38 8.0 4/3 1.5/4.0 注：基浆为3#配方；参数在60 ℃下测定 
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表 2 0.5%降黏剂和0.5%FS-1对加重 钻井液沉降稳定性能的影响
处理剂 实验
条件PV/
mPa·sYP/
Paφ6/φ3 Gel/
Pa/Pa沉降指数 16 h 48 h 72 h 老化前 57 12.0 7/5 3.0/9.0 老化后 55 10.0 4/3 2.0/4.5 0.736 0.869 0.875 降黏剂 老化前 49 10.0 4/3 2.0/5.0 老化后 44 7.0 3/2 1.5/3.0 0.536 0.593 0.657 FS-1 老化前 52 13.0 6/4 2.5/8.0 老化后 49 11.5 5/4 2.0/6.5 0.514 0.516 0.520 注：配方为：3#+0.5%NX-1+0.5%DSP-1；老化条件为200 ℃、16 h；其他参数在60 ℃下测定
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表 3 抗高温高性能水基钻井液在不同温度下的基本性能
T老化/
℃PV/
mPa·sYP/
Paφ6/φ3 Gel/
Pa/PaFLAPI/
mLFLHTHP/
mL润滑
性沉降
指数180 51.0 12.0 6/5 3/9 1.8 12.2 0.06 0.506 200 46.5 10.5 5/4 2/6 3.6 13.8 0.08 0.514 注： FLHTHP 在180 ℃下测定；其他参数在60 ℃下测定
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表 4 抗高温高性能水基钻井液抗污染性评价
污染物 浓度 ρ/
g·cm−3PV/
mPa·sYP/
PaGel/
Pa/PaFLHTHP/
mL空白 2.03 46.5 10.5 2.0/6.0 12.2 Na2CO3 10 g/L 2.04 50.0 11.0 2.0/7.0 14.2 Na2CO3 30 g/L 2.05 57.0 16.0 4.0/12.0 15.8 盐水 10 mL/L 46.0 10.5 2.0/6.0 盐水 30 mL/L 44.0 9.0 2.0/5.0 盐水 50 mL/L 39.0 8.0 2.0/4.0 注：FLHTHP 在180 ℃下测定；其他参数在60 ℃下测定
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表 5 顺北801X井四开井段抗高温水基钻井液的性能
井深/
mρ/
g·cm−3PV/
mPa·sYP/
PaGel/
Pa/Paφ6/φ3 Kf FLHTHP/
mL7736 1.65 23 8 3.0/9.0 5/4 8.8 7964 1.45 24 10 2.0/8.5 6/5 0.0349 9.0 8412 1.28 27 9 2.0/6.0 4/3 0.0349 9.0 9145 1.28 28 9 2.0/7.5 5/4 0.0349 9.0
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