耐低温合成基钻井液的室内研究

刘刚

doi:10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2022.03.002

耐低温合成基钻井液的室内研究

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2022.03.002

刘刚

中海油田服务股份有限公司, 河北燕郊 065201

基金项目: 中海油田服务有限公司科研项目“非水基钻开液NAF-FLOW体系及配套技术研究”（YHB19YF002）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘刚，高级工程师，1983年生，毕业于长江大学应用化学专业，现从事钻完井液技术研发工作。E-mail：liugang16@cosl.com.cn

中图分类号: TE254.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-11
- 修回日期: 2021-12-24
- 录用日期: 2022-01-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-10
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-30

Laboratory Study on Low Temperature Synthetic Based Drilling Fluid

LIU Gang

China Oilfield Services Co., Ltd., Yanjiao, Hebei 065201

摘要

摘要: 油基钻井液作为复杂地层开发的首选钻井液，零下低温环境中存在黏度、切力明显增大的问题。为解决这一问题，室内选用性能与油基钻井液相近的合成基钻井液，研发了一种耐低温乳化剂、采用低凝点的气制油作为油相和质量分数为30%的CaCl₂作为水相，优选流型调节剂，研制了一套耐低温的合成基钻井液体系。该体系在2.0 g/cm³的高密度下，经过180 ℃老化16 h后，依然能在−10 ℃时保持良好的黏度、切力和电稳定性，维持较好的流动性能，高温高压滤失量小于2 mL；能有效预防因当量循环密度过高引起的井下复杂情况、低温造成的管线堵塞问题。
- 耐低温 /
- 合成基钻井液 /
- 气制油 /
- 乳化剂
Abstract: Oil based drilling fluid as the first choice of drilling complex formations has unwanted high viscosity and high gel strengths at low temperatures below zero degree Celsius. To solve this problem, a low temperature synthetic based drilling fluid was developed with low temperature emulsifiers, low freezing point gas-to-oil as oil phase, 30% CaCl₂ solution as the water phase, and other optimized flow pattern modifiers. This synthetic based drilling fluid has properties that can be as good as those of oil based drilling fluids. At density of 2.0 g/cm³, the synthetic based drilling fluid, after aging at 180 ℃ for 16 hours, still had viscosity, gel strengths, electrical stability and flow property perfectly suitable for normal operation at -10 ℃. The HTHP filtration rate of this drilling fluid was less than 2 mL. This drilling fluid can effectively prevent downhole troubles arising from high equivalent circulating densities (ECD) and pipeline blocking caused by low temperatures.
- Low temperature resistant /
- Synthetic based drilling fluid /
- Gas to oil /
- Emulsifying agent

HTML全文

图 1 2种油相的黏度随温度变化的情况

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 CaCl₂溶液中含盐量与水相凝点的关系

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 CaCl₂浓度对合成基钻井液塑性黏度和动切力的影响

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2种油相的理化性能

油相	凝点/ ℃	倾点/ ℃	运动黏度/ mm²·s⁻¹	ρ/ g·cm⁻³	芳香烃
气制油	−40	−37.0	4.4	0.78	无
−35^#柴油	−35	−32.5	5.4	0.83	有
注：密度在15 ℃下测定，运动黏度在0 ℃下测定

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表 2 流型调节剂对耐低温合成基钻井液性能的影响

流型调节剂	T_测试/ ℃	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
空白	−10	85	75	10	1500	1.6
	0	78	66	12	1359
	50	63	57	6	1199
DEHEO	−10	73	56	17	1866	1.1
	0	67	51	16	1633
	50	51	39	12	1402
HIRHEO-A	−10	84	68	16	1664	1.2
	0	76	62	14	1395
	50	53	44	9	1228
注：FL_HTHP在120 ℃测定

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表 3 耐低温合成基钻井液体系的抗温能力

T_老化/ ℃	T_测试/ ℃	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
120	−10	79	60	19	1899	1.1（120 ℃）
	0	67	50	17	1627
	50	50	39	11	1322
160	−10	72	48	14	1740	1.8（160 ℃）
	0	59	47	12	1388
	50	42	32	10	1210
180	−10	62	47	15	1655	2.3（180 ℃）
	0	46	34	12	1402
	50	37	29	8	1161

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表 4 密度对耐低温合成基钻井液的影响

ρ/ g·cm⁻³	T_测试/ ℃	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
1.4	−10	66	48	18	1988	0.8
	0	45	30	15	1576
	50	30	20	10	1017
1.8	−10	70	51	19	1848	1.0
	0	54	40	14	1411
	50	36	27	9	1244
2.0	−10	80	55	25	2000	1.2
	0	64	48	16	1582
	50	47	39	8	1390
注：FL_HTHP在120 ℃测定

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表 5 耐低温合成基钻井液的抗污染能力（120 ℃、16 h）

污染物	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
空白	36	26	10	6/5	1221	1.2
5%钻屑	39	30	9	6/5	1008	1.2
10%钻屑	39	28	11	6/5	1042	1.0
10%劣质土	46	36	10	8/7	1320	2.8
20%劣质土	57	45	12	10/8	1290	3.4
10%CaCl₂盐水	33	22	9	6/5	1058
20%CaCl₂盐水	47	34	13	14/12	890
注：钻井液密度为1.8 g/cm³，钻屑、劣质土过100目筛，抗污染能力在50 ℃下测定

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