高密度无土相油基钻井液

由福昌; 文华; 吴娇; 张亚

doi:10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2022.02.003

高密度无土相油基钻井液

doi: 10.12358/j.issn.1001-5620.2022.02.003

由福昌^{1, 2,},
文华²,
吴娇²,
张亚²

1.
长江大学石油工程学院，湖北荆州 434000
2.
荆州嘉华科技有限公司, 湖北荆州 434000

基金项目: 湖北省重点研发计划项目“抗高温环保型钻井液用聚合物材料研究与应用”（2020BAB072）

详细信息

作者简介:
由福昌，高级工程师，1981年生，湖北产业教授，现在主要进行钻完井技术研究及应用工作。E-mail：yfc81@163.com

中图分类号: TE254.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-30
- 修回日期: 2021-12-03
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-23

High Density Clay-free Oil Based Drilling Fluid

YOU Fuchang^{1, 2
,},
WEN Hua²,
WU Jiao²,
ZHANG Ya²

1.
School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000
2.
Jingzhou Jiahua Technology Co. Ltd., Jingzhou, Hubei 434000

摘要

摘要: 高密度油基钻井液高温下重晶石易沉降，导致体系稳定性变差，传统方法采用高浓度有机土来解决，但其会引起钻井液黏度过高，造成ECD升高而引发井漏等复杂情况。针对以上问题，研发了一种具有强电稳定性能、增黏效果的小粒径乳化剂DEMUL，并开发了一种高密度无黏土相油基钻井液体系，通过加入DEMUL、苯乙烯-丁烯/丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)与提切剂的协同作用，达到提高高密度油基钻井液的稳定性能，且配方简单、处理剂加量少。研究结果表明，该钻井液在200 ℃下老化160 h也能保持良好的流变性能，160 ℃恒温静置336 h后沉降因子为0.5074，表现出良好的稳定性，且具有良好的抑制性能和极压润滑性能。该钻井液体系在川渝页岩气某高密度水平井进行了应用，钻井过程中该体系流变性能稳定，携砂性能良好，抑制性能强，未出现井下复杂情况。
- 油基钻井液 /
- 乳化剂 /
- 无黏土 /
- 沉降稳定性 /
- 抑制性能 /
- 流变性能
Abstract: Barite in oil based drilling fluids at elevated temperatures is easy to sag, resulting in poor stability of the muds. Conventionally this is solved by adding more organophilic clay. High clay content in the mud results in high mud viscosity and high ECD, causing mud losses to happen. To deal with this problem, a small particle size emulsifier DEMUL with high electric stability and viscosifying property has been developed to formulate a high density clay-free oil based drilling fluid. The drilling fluid was treated with DEMUL, SEBS (a styrene-butene/butadiene-styrene block copolymer) and a gellant, the synergy of these additives helps improve the stability of the oil based drilling fluid. This drilling fluid has simple formulation, and each additive is added at a low concentration. Laboratory experiment showed that the oil based drilling fluid still retained good rheology after aging at 200 ℃ for 160 h. After standing still at 160 °C for 336 h, the settling factor of the drilling fluid was 0.5074, indicating that the drilling fluid had good stability. Furthermore, this drilling fluid also has good inhibitive capacity and extreme-pressure lubricity. This drilling fluid has been used in drilling the horizontal section of a high pressure shale gas well in Chuanyu area. During the whole drilling operation, the drilling fluid showed stable rheology, good sand carrying capacity and high inhibitive capacity, and no downhole trouble has ever been encountered.
- Oil based drilling fluid /
- Emulsifier /
- Clay-free /
- Settling stabilityr /
- Inhibitive capacity /
- Rheological property

HTML全文

图 1 乳化剂DEMUL的粒径分布

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图 2 乳化剂DEMUL与EMUL在微观下的形貌

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表 1 乳化剂DEMUL的加量对钻井液性能的影响

DEMUL/ %	老化条件	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
2.0	滚前	59	48	11	6/5	860
2.0	滚后	54	45	9	6/5	731	2.5
3.0	滚前	52	47	5	5/4	719
3.0	滚后	48	42	6	4/3	700	2.5
4.0	滚前	58	52	6	5/4	886
4.0	滚后	53	46	7	5/4	800	2.2
5.0	滚前	64	56	8	5/4	979
5.0	滚后	56	49	7	5/4	906	2.2
注：老化条件为：160 ℃、16 h，在65 ℃测定性能；DE MUL的加量为2.0%时加入1.0%有机土

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表 2 聚合物SEBS与提切剂DEHEO对钻井液性能的影响

DEHEO/ %	SEBS/ %	热滚条件	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
4.0	0	滚前	59	47	12	7/6	862
4.0	0	滚后	68	58	10	7/6	810	2.4
2.0	0.5	滚前	58	49	9	6/5	812
2.0	0.5	滚后	51	44	7	6/5	801	2.4
2.5	0.5	滚前	60	48	12	6/5	809
2.5	0.5	滚后	53	44	9	6/5	837	2.4
3.0	0.5	滚前	59	47	12	7/6	869
3.0	0.5	滚后	54	45	9	7/6	911	2.3
注：老化条件为：160 ℃、16 h，65 ℃下测定性能

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表 3 高密度无黏土相油基钻井液的抗温性能

T_老化/ ℃	t_老化/ h	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
	0	61	50	11	5/4	873
160	16	53	45	8	6/5	790
160	160	51	41	10	3/2	734	2.2
170	16	55	46	9	6/5	963
170	160	56	48	8	3/2	917	3.0
180	16	69	63	6	5/4	955
180	160	68	62	6	5/3	1100	3.6
200	16	66	61	5	4/3	1106
200	160	61	55	6	4/3	1164	4.4

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表 4 乳化剂加量对高密度无土相油基钻井液性能的影响

t_静置/ h	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL	沉降因子
24	54	45	9	6/5	824	2.0	0.5042
72	53	44	9	5/4	763	2.2	0.5061
120	52	43	9	4/3	751	2.2	0.5073
240	54	44	10	3/2	592	3.0	0.5070
336	65	53	12	3/2	395	4.2	0.5074

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表 5 高密度无黏土相油基钻井液的抗污染能力

侵污	AV/ mPa·s	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	φ₆/φ₃	ES/ V	FL_HTHP/ mL
空白	53	45	8	6/5	786	2.2
5%钻屑	59	50	9	6/5	676	2.0
10%钻屑	59	49	10	6/5	684	1.8
10%水泥石粉	60	50	10	8/7	891	4.8
15%水泥石粉	72	58	14	10/8	866	6.4
10%CaCl₂盐水	50	41	9	6/5	658
20%CaCl₂盐水	67	54	13	14/12	590

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表 6 龙马溪组现场钻井液主要性能

井段/ m	FV/ s	Gel/ Pa/Pa	PV/ mPa·s	YP/ Pa	FL_HTHP/ mL	ES/ V	固相含量/ %	油水比
3500～4300	50～55	3～4.5/6～8	48～55	8～10	1.0～1.2	638～792	<50	79～83/17～21
4300～6100	55～64	4～5.0/7～10	50～60	9～11	1.0～1.5	766～974	<50	82～87/13～18

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