Early Hydration Process of Well Cement Slurries for Cementing CO2-Contained Gas Reservoirs and Factors Affecting the Performance of the Cement Slurries
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摘要: 在含CO2气藏固井施工中，固井水泥浆与CO2的接触不可避免。CO2接触时间的变化可能会影响水泥早期水化特性及微观结构的发展，严重时甚至可能影响固井质量。该研究通过控制CO2通气时间，系统地考察了水泥早期水化特性及其力学性能与渗透率的变化规律。并采用XRD、TG和SEM等手段分析了水泥早期物相组成及微观结构演变规律。研究表明，随CO2通气时间增加，浆体流动性在初期得到改善后逐渐下降，而凝结时间持续缩短。水化放热曲线显示，CO2处理显著加快了水泥水化进程，并提高了早期累积放热量。然而，随通气时间延长，效果逐渐减弱。抗压强度及渗透率测试结果表明，CO2处理显著提升了水泥早期强度，尤其在通气时间不大于3 min时效果最佳，但随着通气时间的延长，强度和渗透率逐渐下降。XRD、TG及SEM分析表明，CO2处理增加了CaCO3的生成，破坏了Ca(OH)2和C—S—H凝胶组成的包覆结构，加速了水泥颗粒的水化进程。Abstract: In cementing a gas well with CO2 contained in the reservoir, it is inevitable for the cement slurries to contact with the CO2. The length of the contact time will possibly affect the early hydration characteristics and the development of the microstructure of the cement slurries, and worse still is the negative effects of this contact on the quality of well cementing. In this study, the change patterns of the early hydration characteristics, the mechanical properties and the permeability of a cement slurry were systematically investigated by controlling the ventilation time of CO2. Using XRD, TG and SEM etc., the early phase composition and the evolution pattern of the cement slurry were analyzed. The study showed that the fluidity of the cement slurry was improved in the early stage and was then deteriorating with the time of CO2 ventilation. The setting time of the slurry, on the other hand, was shortened continuously. The hydration heat release curve showed that CO2 treatment significantly accelerated the cement hydration process, and increased the early cumulative released heat. However, as the time of CO2 ventilation increased, these effects became weakening. Compressive strength and permeability test results showed that CO2 treatment significantly enhanced the early strength of the cement slurry, and the best result can be obtained at ventilation time of less than 3 minutes. However, as the ventilation time of CO2 increased, the strength and permeability of the set cement both gradually decreased. XRD, TG and SEM analyses showed that CO2 treatment increased the formation of CaCO3, disrupted the coating structures formed by Ca(OH)2 and the C—S—H gel, and hence accelerated the hydration process of the cement particles.
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Key words:
- Gas reservoir with CO2 /
- Well cementing /
- Cement slurry /
- Early hydration /
- Accelerated hydration
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