The Countermeasure of Low Cost and High Efficiency Fracturing Technology of Normal Pressure Shale Gas
-
摘要: 常压页岩气在渝东南地区广泛分布,具有岩石脆性好、裂隙原始尺度小、含气丰度低、吸附气比例较高、压力系数低等特点;压裂面临裂缝复杂性低(单一缝占比较大),改造体积有限,长期导流能力保持不足等难题,造成压后产量低且递减快,影响了常压页岩气的经济有效开发。从压裂工程角度出发,以提高单位岩石体积内裂缝有效改造体积及多尺度裂缝长期导流能力为前提,在压裂增效基础上进一步降低工程成本为目标,提出高效压裂技术对策。①压裂增效技术:提出页岩平面射孔模式,提高了每簇的改造强度及诱导应力作用范围,裂缝复杂程度及SRV(18%~20%)得到提升,增产效果明显(三年累产量同比提高28.5%);提出多尺度造缝及交替注酸扩缝技术,进一步增大有效改造体积及裂缝复杂性;提出多元组合加砂压裂模式,提高支撑剂在裂缝内铺置广度及充填度,提高压后长期导流能力。③压裂降本技术:通过压裂造缝机理精细模拟研究,减少造缝中的低效液体(同比单簇节约20~25%),避免低效施工;通过一剂多效压裂液体系和混合支撑剂的综合应用,进一步降低压裂材料成本。研究结果为常压页岩气的低成本高效压裂提供了理论依据,提高了压裂实施的科学性与有效性。Abstract: The normal pressure shale gas is widely distributed in the southeast of China. It has the characteristics of low rock brittleness, low initial scale of fracture, low gas abundance, high adsorption ratio and low pressure coefficient. Fracturing is confronted with the difficulties of low crack complexity, limited transformation volume and insufficient long-term conductive ability, resulting in low production and diminishing fast, which has affected the economical and effective development of normal pressure shale gas. From the angle of the fracturing engineering, in order to improve the unit volume of fracturing and the long-term conductive ability of multi-scale fracture, on the basis of fracturing stimulation, the cost of engineering is further reduced and the countermeasure of high efficiency fracturing technique is put forward. The first countermeasure is fracturing stimulation technology. It puts forward the model of plane perforation, improve the stimulation strength and the the induced stress interference range, the degree of fracture complexity and SRV(18%-20%) is improved, the effect of stimulation is obvious(three years of production increase 28.5%). The technology of multi-scale fracture creation and alternating injection acid is proposed to further increase the effective fracturing volume and fracture complexity. The multi-component combination adding sand mode is proposed to improve the width and filling degree of the proppant in the crack, and improve the long-term conductive ability. The second countermeasure is the cost reduction technology. Through the elaborate simulation of fracture creation mechanism, the inefficient liquid was reduced(single cluster saving 20%-25%) and the inefficient fracturing construction was avoided. The cost of fracturing materials is further reduced by the comprehensive application of a multi-effect fracturing fluid system and mixed proppant. The results provide theoretical basis for low cost and high efficiency fracturing of normal pressure shale gas, and improve the science and effectiveness of fracturing.
-
[1] FAN L, THOMPSON J W, ROBINSON J R. Understanding gas production mechanism and effectiveness of well stimulation in Haynesville Shale through reservoir simulation[R]. SPE 136696, 2010. [2] XIAO Y T, BISCG R V, LIU F, et al. Evaluation in data rich Fayetteville shale gas plays-integrating physics based reservoir simulations with data driven approaches for uncertainty reduction[R]. IPTC 14940, 2011. [3] GULEN G, IKONNIKOVA S, BROWNING J, et al. Fayetteville shale-production outlook[J].SPE Economics & Management, 2014:1-13. [4] 何希鹏, 高玉巧, 唐显春, 等. 渝东南地区常压页岩气富集主控因素分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(4):655-664.HE Xipeng, GAO Yuqiao, TANG Xianchun, et al. Analysis of major factors controlling the accumulation in normal pressure shale gas in the southeast of Chongqing[J]. Natural Gas Geosciience, 2017, 28(4):655-664. [5] 方志雄, 何希鹏. 渝东南武隆向斜常压页岩气形成与演化[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2016, 37(6):819-827.FANG Zhixiong, HE Xipeng. Formation and evolution of normal pressure shale gas reservoir in Wulong Syncline, southeast Chongqing, China[J]. Oil&Gas Geology, 2016, 37(6):819-827. [6] 蒋廷学, 卞晓冰, 苏瑗, 等. 页岩可压性指数评价新方法及应用[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2014, 42(5):16-20.JIANG Tingxue, BIAN Xiaobing, SU Yuan, et al. A new method for evaluating shale fracability index and its application[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2014, 42(5):16-20. [7] 蒋廷学, 卞晓冰. 页岩气储层评价新技术——甜度评价方法[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2016, 44(4):1-6.JIANG Tingxue,BIAN Xiaobing. The novel technology of shale gas play evaluation-sweetness calculation method[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2016, 44(4):1-6. [8] 黄进, 吴雷泽, 游园, 等. 涪陵页岩气水平井工程甜点评价与应用[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2016, 44(3):16-20.HUANG Jin, WU Leize, YOU Yuan, et al. The evaluation and application of engineering sweet spots in a horizontal well in the Fuling shale gas reservoir[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2016, 44(3):16-20. [9] 王海涛, 蒋廷学, 卞晓冰, 等. 深层页岩压裂工艺优化与现场试验[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2016, 44(2):76-81.WANG Haitao, JIANG Tingxue, BIAN Xiaobing, et al. Optimization and field application of hydraulic fracturing techniques in deep shale reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2016, 44(2):76-81. [10] 蒋廷学, 卞晓冰, 袁凯, 等. 页岩气水平井分段压裂优化设计新方法[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2014, 42(2):1-6.JIANG Tingxue, BIAN Xiaobing, YUAN Kai, et al. A new method in staged fracturing design optimization for shale gas horizontal wells[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2014, 42(2):1-6. [11] 蒋廷学. 页岩油气水平井压裂裂缝复杂性指数研究及应用展望[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2013, 41(2):7-12.JIANG Tingxue.The fracture complexity index of horizontal wells in shale oil and gas reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2013, 41(2):7-12. [12] 卞晓冰, 蒋廷学, 卫然, 等. 常压页岩气水平井压后排采控制参数优化[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2016, 35(5):170-174.BIAN Xiaobin, JIANG Tingxue, WEI Ran, et al. Optimization of the controlling parameters of the postfrac flowback and production for normal-pressure shale gas horizontal wells[J]. Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2016, 35(5):170-174. [13] 蒋廷学, 卞晓冰, 王海涛, 等. 页岩气水平井分段压裂排采规律研究[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2013, 41(5):21-25.JIANG Tingxue, BIAN Xiaobing, WANG Haitao, et al. Flow back mechanism study of multi-stage fracturing of shale gas horizontal wells[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2013, 41(5):21-25. [14] 卞晓冰, 蒋廷学, 贾长贵, 等. 基于施工曲线的页岩气井压后评估新方法[J]. 天然气工业, 2016, 36(2):60-65.BIAN Xiaobing, JIANG Tingxue, JIA Changgui, et al. A new post-fracturing evaluation method for shale gas wells based on fracturing curves[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2016, 36(2):60-65. [15] 魏娟明, 刘建坤, 杜凯, 等. 反相乳液型减阻剂及滑溜水体系的研发与应用[J].石油钻探技术,2015,43(1):27-32.WEI Juanming, LIU Jiankun, DU Kai, et al. The development and application of inverse emulsified friction reducer and slickwater system[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2015, 43(1):27-32. [16] 刘建坤, 蒋廷学, 周林波, 等. 碳酸盐岩储层多级交替酸压技术研究[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2017, 45(1):104-111.LIU Jiankun, JIANG Tingxue, ZHOU Linbo, et al. Multi-stage alternative acid fracturing technique in carbonate reservoirs stimulation[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2017, 45(1):104-111. [17] 邓燕, 薛仁江, 郭建春. 低渗透储层酸预处理降低破裂压力机理[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 33(3):125-129. DENG Yan, XUE Renjiang, GUO Jianchun. The mechanism of high-pressure high temperature and low permeability acid pretreatment to reduce fracturing pressure[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science&Technology Edition), 2011, 33(3):125-129. [18] 曾凡辉, 刘林, 郭建春, 等. 酸处理降低储层破裂压力机理及现场应用[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2010, 17(1):108-110.ZENG Fanhui, LIU Lin, GUO Jianchun, et al. The mechanism and field application of reducing formation fracture pressure by acid treatment[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2010, 17(1):108-110. [19] 郭建春, 辛军, 赵金洲, 等. 酸处理降低地层破裂压力的计算分析[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 30(2):83-86. GUO Jianchun, XIN Jun, ZHAO Jinzhou, et al. The calculation analysis of decreasing formation fracturing pressure by acidizing pretreatment[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Natural Science Edition), 2008, 30(2):83-86.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 466
- HTML全文浏览量: 155
- PDF下载量: 126
- 被引次数: 0